Studies of whole-plant responses of tomato to light environments are limited and cannot be extrapolated from observations of seedlings or short-term crops in growth chambers. Effects of artificial light sources like high pressure sodium (HPS) and light emitting diodes (LED) are mainly studied as supplement to sunlight in greenhouses. Since natural sunlight is almost neglectable in Norway during wintertime, we could study effects of different types of artificial light on crop growth and production in tomato. The goal of this experiment was to quantify the effects of artificial HPS top-light, installed at the top of the canopy, and LED inter-light, installed between plant rows, on fresh and dry matter production and fruit quality of greenhouse tomatoes under controlled and documented conditions. Our aim was to optimize yield under different light conditions, while avoiding an unfavourable source-sink balance. Tomato plants were grown under HPS top light with an installed capacity of 161, 242 and 272 W m⁻² combined with LED inter-light with an installed capacity of 0, 60 or 120 W m⁻². We used stem diameter as a trait to regulate air temperature in different light treatments in order to retain plant vigour. Results show that both HPS top light and LED inter-light increased tomato yield. However, the positive effect of supplemental LED inter-light decreased at higher amounts of HPS top light. Under the conditions in this experiment, with neglectable incoming solar radiation, an installed amount of 242 Watt m^-2 HPS top light and a daily light integral (DLI) of 30 mol m^-2 day^-1 resulted in best light use efficiency (in gram fresh tomato per mol). Addition of LED inter-light to HPS top light reduced light use efficiency. Results show that winter production using artificial light in Norway is more energy efficient compared to production under sunlight in southern countries. Results can be used for modelling purposes.

番茄对光环境的全株反应的研究是有限的，不能从对生长室中的幼苗或短期作物的观察中推断出来。主要研究高压钠（HPS）和发光二极管（LED）等人造光源作为温室中阳光的补充。由于挪威冬季几乎可以忽略自然阳光，因此我们可以研究不同类型的人造光对番茄作物生长和产量的影响。该实验的目的是量化安装在树冠顶部的人造 HPS 顶灯和安装在植物行之间的 LED 中间灯对受控温室番茄新鲜和干物质产量和果实质量的影响。和记录条件。我们的目标是优化不同光照条件下的产量，同时避免不利的源-汇平衡。番茄植株在 HPS 顶光下种植，装机容量为 161、242 和 272 W m^-2与安装容量为 0、60 或 120 W m ^{-2 的}LED 中间灯相结合。我们使用茎直径作为特征来调节不同光照处理下的气温，以保持植物活力。结果表明，HPS 顶光和 LED 间光均提高了番茄产量。然而，在较高数量的 HPS 顶光下，补充 LED 间光的积极影响会降低。在本实验条件下，可忽略入射太阳辐射，安装量为 242 Watt m ^-2 HPS 顶灯，日光积分 (DLI) 为 30 mol m ^-2 day ^-1导致最佳的光利用效率（以克新鲜番茄每摩尔计）。在 HPS 顶灯中添加 LED 内灯会降低光的使用效率。结果表明，与南方国家在阳光下的生产相比，挪威使用人造光的冬季生产更节能。结果可用于建模目的。