Previous studies have demonstrated cardiovascular health effects of environmental noise exposure, partly showing different effect estimates for males and females. This cannot be explained by biological differences between males and females alone. It is assumed that health outcomes and exposure patterns also depend on gender, determined by social, economic, and cultural factors in society. This systematic review evaluated the current state of how sex/gender is integrated in studies on environmental noise associated with hypertension, blood pressure, and ischemic heart diseases. A systematic literature search was conducted in three different databases, identifying thirty studies published between 1 January 2000 and 2 February 2020. Effects varied, with no consistent findings for both males and females. All studies used a binary operationalization of sex/gender, assuming static differences between males and females. The differentiation between biological and social dimensions of sex/gender was not present in any of the studies and the terms “sex” and “gender” were used interchangeably. However, biological and social dimensions of sex/gender were unconsciously taken up in the discussion of the results. Integrating sex/gender-theoretical concepts into future studies offers great potential to increase the validity of research findings, thus making them more useful for prevention efforts, health promotion, and health care.

中文翻译：

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环境噪声暴露对高血压和缺血性心脏病健康影响的性别/性别差异——系统评价

以前的研究已经证明了环境噪声暴露对心血管健康的影响，部分显示了男性和女性的不同影响估计。这不能仅用男性和女性之间的生物学差异来解释。假设健康结果和暴露模式也取决于性别，由社会中的社会、经济和文化因素决定。该系统评价评估了性别/性别如何纳入与高血压、血压和缺血性心脏病相关的环境噪声研究的现状。在三个不同的数据库中进行了系统的文献检索，确定了 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 2 月 2 日期间发表的 30 项研究。效果各不相同，男性和女性的研究结果不一致。所有研究都使用性别/性别的二元操作化，假设男性和女性之间存在静态差异。任何研究中都没有性别/性别的生物学和社会维度之间的差异，并且术语“性”和“性别”可以互换使用。然而，在对结果的讨论中，性/性别的生物学和社会层面被无意识地考虑到了。将性/性别理论概念整合到未来的研究中为提高研究结果的有效性提供了巨大的潜力，从而使它们对预防工作、健康促进和医疗保健更有用。任何研究中都没有性别/性别的生物学和社会维度之间的差异，并且术语“性”和“性别”可以互换使用。然而，在对结果的讨论中，性/性别的生物学和社会层面被无意识地考虑到了。将性/性别理论概念整合到未来的研究中为提高研究结果的有效性提供了巨大的潜力，从而使它们对预防工作、健康促进和医疗保健更有用。任何研究中都没有性别/性别的生物学和社会维度之间的区别，并且术语“性”和“性别”可以互换使用。然而，在对结果的讨论中，性/性别的生物学和社会层面被无意识地考虑到了。将性/性别理论概念整合到未来的研究中为提高研究结果的有效性提供了巨大的潜力，从而使它们对预防工作、健康促进和医疗保健更有用。