Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen that causes a range of serious infections that are often challenging to treat, as this pathogen can express multiple resistance mechanisms, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotypes. Ceftazidime–avibactam is a combination antimicrobial agent comprising ceftazidime, a third-generation semisynthetic cephalosporin, and avibactam, a novel non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor. This review explores the potential role of ceftazidime–avibactam for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections. Ceftazidime–avibactam has good in vitro activity against P. aeruginosa relative to comparator β-lactam agents and fluoroquinolones, comparable to amikacin and ceftolozane–tazobactam. In Phase 3 clinical trials, ceftazidime–avibactam has generally demonstrated similar clinical and microbiological outcomes to comparators in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections, complicated urinary tract infections or hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by P. aeruginosa. Although real-world data are limited, favourable outcomes with ceftazidime–avibactam treatment have been reported in some patients with MDR and XDR P. aeruginosa infections. Thus, ceftazidime–avibactam may have a potentially important role in the management of serious and complicated P. aeruginosa infections, including those caused by MDR and XDR strains.

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头孢他啶-阿维巴坦治疗铜绿假单胞菌感染的综述

铜绿假单胞菌是一种机会性革兰氏阴性病原体，会导致一系列严重感染，通常难以治疗，因为这种病原体可以表达多种耐药机制，包括多重耐药 (MDR) 和广泛耐药 (XDR) 表型。头孢他啶-阿维巴坦是一种复合抗菌剂，包含头孢他啶（第三代半合成头孢菌素）和阿维巴坦（一种新型非β-内酰胺β-内酰胺酶抑制剂）。本综述探讨了头孢他啶-阿维巴坦治疗铜绿假单胞菌感染的潜在作用。头孢他啶-阿维巴坦对铜绿假单胞菌具有良好的体外活性相对于比较 β-内酰胺类药物和氟喹诺酮类药物，与阿米卡星和头孢唑烷-他唑巴坦相当。在 3 期临床试验中，头孢他啶-阿维巴坦在复杂腹腔内感染、复杂尿路感染或由铜绿假单胞菌引起的医院获得性/呼吸机相关性肺炎患者中普遍显示出与对照药相似的临床和微生物学结果。尽管真实世界的数据有限，但据报道，在一些 MDR 和 XDR铜绿假单胞菌感染患者中，头孢他啶-阿维巴坦治疗的结果良好。因此，头孢他啶-阿维巴坦可能在严重和复杂铜绿假单胞菌的管理中发挥潜在的重要作用 感染，包括由 MDR 和 XDR 菌株引起的感染。