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Newly detected haul-out of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) on Yamal Peninsula has become the biggest in the Kara Sea
Polar Biology ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s00300-021-02942-0
A. N. Boltunov 1 , V. S. Semenova 1 , A. A. Sokolov 2 , A. A. Kucheyko 3
Affiliation  

Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) are still poorly studied in the easternmost part of their range, especially in the Kara Sea. Therefore, any new data from this region on the biology and ecology of the subspecies are highly important. In autumn 2019, the largest coastal assemblage of walruses ever found in the Kara Sea was observed on the northwestern coast of the Yamal Peninsula. This assemblage was surveyed using a drone-mounted digital camera (from 5 m in altitude) on 17 October 2019. The herd comprised 1062 (± 17 SE) walruses. Approximately one-sixth of the assemblage consisted of dependent calves (0–2 years old), one-sixth consisted of mature bulls, one-third consisted of independent immature animals, and one-third consisted of mature females and young (mature) males. A considerable but not estimated number of walruses was also observed in nearshore water. Satellite imagery and an opportunistic visit to the site revealed that walruses used this haul-out from mid-September until at least the end of October. Satellite tracking of two tagged walruses showed that animals stayed within 200 km of the coastline in shallow water (not deeper than 20–25 m) throughout their tracking periods (8 and 9 days). In addition to the main haul-out, three more sites on this part of the Yamal Peninsula coast were identified as areas where walruses came ashore. These new abundance and distribution data from the Kara Sea add significantly to our knowledge regarding Atlantic walruses in this region. Considering the rapid and large-scale industrial development in the region, proactive measures should be taken to protect key walrus habitats in the Yamal Peninsula area.



中文翻译:

亚马尔半岛新发现的大西洋海象(Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus)已成为喀拉海最大的海象

大西洋海象 ( Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus)) 在其分布范围的最东端,尤其是喀拉海,研究仍然很少。因此,来自该地区的有关亚种生物学和生态学的任何新数据都非常重要。2019 年秋季,在亚马尔半岛西北海岸观察到喀拉海有史以来最大的沿海海象群。2019 年 10 月 17 日,使用安装在无人机上的数码相机(从海拔 5 m 处)对这个群体进行了调查。该群由 1062 (± 17 SE) 只海象组成。大约六分之一的组合由依赖的小牛(0-2 岁)组成,六分之一由成熟的公牛组成,三分之一由独立的未成熟动物组成,三分之一由成熟的雌性和年轻(成熟)雄性组成. 在近岸水域也观察到了大量但未估计数量的海象。卫星图像和对该地点的机会主义访问显示,海象从 9 月中旬到至少 10 月底都使用了这种拖运。对两只带标签的海象的卫星跟踪表明,动物在整个跟踪期间(8 天和 9 天)都停留在海岸线 200 公里范围内的浅水区(不超过 20-25 m)。除了主要的捕捞外,亚马尔半岛海岸这一部分的另外三个地点被确定为海象上岸的地区。这些来自喀拉海的新丰度和分布数据大大增加了我们对该地区大西洋海象的了解。考虑到该地区快速大规模的工业发展,应采取积极措施保护亚马尔半岛地区的重点海象栖息地。

更新日期:2021-09-19
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