This paper presents an experimental investigation of the influence of multiple parameters on the thermal performance of variable conductance heat pipes (VCHPs) according to theoretical design and analysis. The operating characteristics of four VCHPs, such as the steady-state temperature, thermal resistance, and degree of self-control, were systematically analysed and compared. The design principles were examined considering the structural matching design, thermal-physical properties, and charging mass of the fluids. The examined types included the cold-gas reservoir VCHP (CGR-VCHP) and the hot-gas reservoir VCHP (HGR-VCHP), whose steady-state operating temperatures and thermal resistances were compared. The HGR-VCHP attained a higher degree of self-control than the CGR-VCHP for the same heat pipe (HP) structure size. The effects of the reservoir volume of the CGR-VCHP were experimentally and theoretically assessed. Compared to a small volume of 33.66 mL, a large volume of 43.27 mL increased the self-control, with ${\mathrm{d}T}_{\mathrm{v}\mathrm{a}}/\mathrm{d}Q$ dropping from 0.272 K/J to 0.042 K/J. Moreover, the temperature difference decreased from 13.6 to 2.09 °C under the same heat load increase of 50 W. Both R22 and ammonia were chosen as working fluids due to their similar sensitivity factors. The self-control ability of the ammonia CGR-VCHP was higher than that of the R22 CGR-VCHP based on the obtained experimental and theoretically calculated results. This research provides valuable insights into VCHP multiparameter analysis, which are of great significance for the practical application of VCHPs in self-control thermal.

本文根据理论设计和分析，对多参数对可变电导热管 (VCHP) 热性能的影响进行了实验研究。对四种VCHP的稳态温度、热阻、自控程度等运行特性进行了系统分析比较。考虑到结构匹配设计、热物理特性和流体的充电质量，对设计原则进行了检查。研究的类型包括冷气储层 VCHP (CGR-VCHP) 和热气储层 VCHP (HGR-VCHP)，比较了它们的稳态工作温度和热阻。对于相同的热管 (HP) 结构尺寸，HGR-VCHP 比 CGR-VCHP 获得了更高程度的自我控制。对 CGR-VCHP 储层体积的影响进行了实验和理论评估。与小体积 33.66 mL 相比，大体积 43.27 mL 增加了自我控制，具有${\mathrm{d}吨}_{\mathrm{v}\mathrm{一种}}/\mathrm{d}问$从 0.272 K/J 下降到 0.042 K/J。此外，在相同的热负荷增加 50 W 下，温差从 13.6 °C 降低到 2.09 °C。由于 R22 和氨的敏感性因素相似，因此均选择它们作为工作流体。根据获得的实验和理论计算结果，氨气 CGR-VCHP 的自控能力高于 R22 CGR-VCHP。该研究为VCHP多参数分析提供了有价值的见解，对于VCHP在自控热中的实际应用具有重要意义。