The consumption of nutrient solution is very important in the production of vegetables, especially tomatoes. In this study, the effect of two hydroponic systems on yield components, nutrient solution efficiency, and stomatal gas exchanges of two greenhouse tomato cultivars have been investigated. This experiment is in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design, with the treatment of tomato cultivars (V4-22 and Amira) and type of hydroponic cultivation system (open and closed) in which 3 replicates were implemented at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The studied traits included crop yield, fruit number, fruit weight, cluster weight, nutrient solution efficiency, and stomatal gas exchanges (net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO₂ concentration, and leaf temperature). The results showed that the effect of the hydroponic system had a significant effect on the efficiency rate of nutrient solution usage, the number of fruits, the weight of the third, fourth, and sixth cluster, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and leaf temperature. The highest number of fruits, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and leaf temperature were measured in the open hydroponic system. The highest and lowest rate of water productivity performance were obtained in the closed system (33.70 kg/m³) and open system (21.84 kg/m³), respectively. The closed system increased water productivity for yield and biomass by 54.3% and 42%, respectively, as compared to the open system. Whatsmore, the highest and lowest water productivity per biomass were obtained in the closed system (48.91 kg/m³) and open system (34.42 kg/m³), respectively. Tomato cultivars had significant differences in crop yield. The highest and lowest crop yields were measured in V4-22 cultivar (3874.29 g per plant) and Amira cultivar (3648.70 g per plant), respectively. Based on the results, the closed hydroponic system was superior in terms of water and fertilizer saving without a significant effect on crop yield due to the reduction of nutrient solution consumption up to 96% and fertilizer consumption up to 97%.

营养液的消耗在蔬菜特别是西红柿的生产中非常重要。在这项研究中，研究了两种水培系统对两种温室番茄品种的产量构成、营养液效率和气孔气体交换的影响。该实验采用随机完整区组设计中的裂区形式，对番茄栽培品种（V4-22 和 Amira）和水培系统类型（开放式和封闭式）进行处理，其中在 Shahid Chamran 大学实施了 3 个重复阿瓦士的。研究的性状包括作物产量、果实数量、果实重量、簇重、营养液效率和气孔气体交换（净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、细胞间 CO ₂浓度和叶温）。结果表明，水培系统对营养液使用效率、果实数量、三、四、六簇重、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、叶温均有显着影响。在开放式水培系统中测量了最高的果实数量、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和叶温。在封闭系统（33.70 kg/m ³）和开放系统（21.84 kg/m ³）， 分别。与开放系统相比，封闭系统的产量和生物量的水生产率分别提高了 54.3% 和 42%。更重要的是，在封闭系统（48.91 kg/m ³）和开放系统（34.42 kg/m ³）中分别获得了单位生物量的最高和最低水生产率。番茄品种在作物产量上存在显着差异。最高和最低的作物产量分别在 V4-22 栽培品种（每株植物 3874.29 克）和 Amira 栽培品种（每株植物 3648.70 克）中测量。结果表明，封闭式水培系统在节水节肥方面具有优越性，对作物产量没有显着影响，因为营养液消耗量减少了96%，肥料消耗量减少了97%。