Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategy using reclaimed water (RW) is becoming a common procedure in some Mediterranean regions. Full and regulated deficit irrigation were combined with desalinated (EC_w 1 dS m⁻¹) and saline (EC_w 3 dS m⁻¹) reclaimed water to irrigate young potted almond trees over a 3-year period. The full irrigation treatments received 130% of the crop evapotranspiration (ET_c) and the RDI treatments received 80% of ET_c during the kernel filling. Trunk diameter decreased in both RDI treatments at the end of the experimental period, although this response was more marked in the trees irrigated with saline RW. There were negative relationships between shoot growth and leaf Na⁺ and Cl⁺ contents in the saline treated trees, in which the accumulation of salts in leaves was associated with osmotic adjustment, which was responsible for maintaining midday leaf turgor. Plant water status, measured by the leaf and water potential, decreased in almond exposed to water deficit or irrigated with saline RW, indicating a slight dehydration in these plants due to the difficulty in water uptake from the substrate. Trees subjected to both deficit irrigation treatments showed lower stomatal conductance values than full irrigated treatments during the RDI period. However, at the end of experimental period, the lowest P_n values were found in plants irrigated with saline RW, especially in trees irrigated with saline RW combined with RDI strategy, verifying the relevance of duration of exposure to the stress. Saline and desalinated RW can be successfully used for irrigating almond trees, which might be of great economic and competitive significance for agriculture, but further research focused on a longer term should be carried out since detrimental effects might appear. Deficit irrigation combined with saline RW in P. dulcis is not recommended since it intensifies the negative effects of water and salt stress applied individually.

使用再生水 (RW) 的调节亏缺灌溉 (RDI) 策略正在成为一些地中海地区的常见程序。在 3 年的时间里，充分和有规律的亏缺灌溉与脱盐（EC _w 1 dS m ^-1）和盐水（EC _w 3 dS m ^-1）再生水相结合，以灌溉年轻的盆栽杏仁树。全灌溉处理接受了 130% 的作物蒸散量 (ET _c )，而 RDI 处理接受了 80% 的 ET _c在内核填充期间。在实验期结束时，两种 RDI 处理的树干直径均减小，尽管这种反应在用盐水 RW 灌溉的树木中更为显着。枝条生长与叶片Na ⁺和Cl ⁺呈负相关盐处理树木中的含量，其中盐分在叶子中的积累与渗透调节有关，而渗透调节是维持中午叶片膨压的原因。通过叶片和水势测量的植物水分状况在暴露于缺水或用盐水 RW 灌溉的杏仁中降低，表明这些植物由于难以从基质吸收水分而出现轻微脱水。在 RDI 期间，接受两种亏缺灌溉处理的树木的气孔导度值低于完全灌溉处理的树木。然而，在实验结束时，最低的 P _n在用盐水 RW 灌溉的植物中发现了值，特别是在用盐水 RW 灌溉的树木中结合 RDI 策略，验证了暴露于压力的持续时间的相关性。盐水和脱盐的 RW 可以成功地用于灌溉杏仁树，这可能对农业具有重大的经济和竞争意义，但由于可能会出现不利影响，因此应进行更长期的进一步研究。不建议在P. dulcis 中结合盐水 RW 进行亏缺灌溉，因为它会加剧单独施加的水和盐胁迫的负面影响。