The standard Bluetooth Low-Energy mesh networks assume the use of flooding for multihop communications. The flooding approach causes network overheads and delays due to continuous message broadcasting in the absence of a routing mechanism. Among the routing protocols, AODV is one of the most popular and robust routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks. In this paper, we optimized the AODV protocol for Bluetooth Low-Energy communication to make it more efficient in comparison to the mesh protocol. With the proposed protocol (Optimized AODV (O-AODV)), we were able to achieve lower overheads, end-to-end delay, and average per-hop one-way delay in comparison to the BLE mesh (flooding) protocol and AODV protocol for all three scenarios (linear topology with ten nodes, multipath topology with six and ten nodes). In addition, the proposed protocol exhibited practically constant route requests and route reply setup times. Furthermore, the proposed protocol demonstrated a better Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) for O-AODV (84%) in comparison to AODV (71%), but lower than the PDR of the mesh (flooding) protocol with 93%.

中文翻译：

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优化基于 AODV 的 BLE Mesh 网络数据包转发机制

标准蓝牙低功耗网状网络假设使用泛洪进行多跳通信。由于在没有路由机制的情况下持续广播消息，泛洪方法会导致网络开销和延迟。在路由协议中，AODV 是无线自组织网络中最流行和最健壮的路由协议之一。在本文中，我们优化了蓝牙低功耗通信的 AODV 协议，使其与网状协议相比更高效。使用所提议的协议（优化 AODV (O-AODV)），与 BLE 网状网络（泛洪）协议和 AODV 相比，我们能够实现更低的开销、端到端延迟和平均每跳单向延迟适用于所有三种场景的协议（具有十个节点的线性拓扑，具有六个和十个节点的多路径拓扑）。此外，提议的协议表现出几乎恒定的路由请求和路由回复建立时间。此外，与 AODV (71%) 相比，所提出的协议证明了 O-AODV (84%) 更好的数据包传递率 (PDR)，但低于网状（泛洪）协议的 PDR，为 93%。