A simplified and green strategy was provided for the synthesis of cellulose acetate. Cellulose acetate (CA) was isolated from the directly acetylated eucalyptus powder after hydrothermal treatment to selectively remove hemicellulose without delignification. The conversion rate of cellulose (90.75%) and the yield of the acetylated product (61.34%) were greatly improved by hydrothermal treatment, while the re-condensation of lignin during hydrothermal treatment made no adverse difference. The characterization results verified that the acetylated product was cellulose acetate with uniform molecular weight, good thermal stability and semi-crystalline structure. Moreover, CA was used to reinforce polylactic acid (PLA) films prepared by solvent casting. The PLA-CA composite with 5 wt% CA showed an increase of 80.63% in tensile strength and 59.51% in Young's modulus, and their density decreased from 1.2427 g/cm³ to 1.0028 g/cm³. The lightweight and excellent mechanical properties promote the application potential of biodegradable composites to replace petroleum-based plastics.

为醋酸纤维素的合成提供了一种简化和绿色的策略。水热处理后从直接乙酰化的桉树粉末中分离出醋酸纤维素 (CA)，以选择性去除半纤维素而无需脱木素。水热处理大大提高了纤维素的转化率（90.75%）和乙酰化产物的产率（61.34%），而水热处理过程中木质素的再缩合没有产生不利影响。表征结果证实乙酰化产物为分子量均匀、热稳定性好、半结晶结构的醋酸纤维素。此外，CA 用于增强通过溶剂浇铸制备的聚乳酸 (PLA) 薄膜。含有 5 wt% CA 的 PLA-CA 复合材料的拉伸强度增加了 80.63%，增加了 59%。³至 1.0028 g/cm ³。轻质和优异的机械性能促进了可生物降解复合材料替代石油基塑料的应用潜力。