In this study, twelve surface water samples were taken covering all the directions of Poyang Lake, and the dissolved trace metal (Zn, Pb, Hg) concentrations were measured using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI) in order to evaluate spatial variations and health risks with the methods of single factor index and Nemerow pollution index. The following order Zn > Pb > Hg was observed for the concentrations of the heavy metals. The concentration of Hg in the surface water of Raohe River had exceeded the third standard value of GB3838-2002. The results indicated that Pb and Hg might be the major pollutants in this case according to the comparison of heavy metal concentrations between this recearch and other studied areas. Many samples were at high levels for the pollution of Pb and Hg based on the single factor index and the Raohe River was also polluted based on the results of Nemerow pollution index. It showed high risk towards the ecosystem and human health for Pb in the tributaries of Hukou according to the results of the potential ecological risk assessment, while a medium level of risk for Hg and other samples were at a low level of risk in Raohe River.

在这项研究中，12 个地表水样本覆盖鄱阳湖的所有方向，并使用电喷雾电离串联质谱 (ESI) 测量溶解的痕量金属（Zn、Pb、Hg）浓度，以评估空间变化和健康状况。单因子指数法和内梅罗污染指数法。对于重金属的浓度，观察到以下顺序 Zn > Pb > Hg。饶河地表水中汞浓度已超过GB3838-2002第三标准值。根据本研究与其他研究区域的重金属浓度比较，结果表明Pb和Hg可能是本案例的主要污染物。根据单因素指数，许多样品的铅和汞污染处于高水平，根据内梅罗污染指数的结果，饶河也受到污染。潜在生态风险评估结果显示，湖口支流Pb对生态系统和人类健康的风险为高风险，饶河Hg等样品为中等风险，处于低风险。