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A bio-based phosphaphenanthrene-containing derivative modified epoxy thermosets with good flame retardancy, high mechanical properties and transparency
RSC Advances ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-17 , DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05709j
Wei Peng 1 , Yu-Xuan Xu 1 , Shi-Bin Nie 1 , Wei Yang 1
Affiliation  

Phosphorus-containing flame retardants have received huge interest for improving the flame retardant behavior of epoxy resins (EP) over the past few decades. However, a satisfactory flame retardant effect requires high loading of most phosphorus-containing flame retardants, resulting in the deterioration of the thermo-mechanical properties of the flame retardant epoxy materials. To obtain the flame retardant EP with excellent comprehensive properties, a furfurylamine-derived bis-DOPO derivative (FA-bis-DOPO) was synthesized from bio-mass as a co-curing agent for the flame retardant EP. The incorporation of FA-bis-DOPO improved the mechanical strength, the storage modulus and the glass transition temperature of the flame retardant epoxy materials, owing to its stiffness and reactivity with the epoxy matrix to enhance the crosslinking density. The EP material containing 5.0 wt% of FA-bis-DOPO had an LOI of 31.0% and UL-94 V-0 rating, while the pristine EP had an LOI of 23.5% and failed in the UL-94 test, manifesting the high flame retardant efficiency of FA-bis-DOPO. Besides, the cone calorimeter results demonstrated that the PHRR, THR, and TSP values of the EP/FA-bis-DOPO-5.0 were 28.0%, 27.3%, and 9.9% lower than those of the pristine EP, respectively. The flame retardant mechanism of FA-bis-DOPO could be attributed to the combined vapor and condensed phase mechanisms which involved the interruption of the combustion chain reaction by quenching radicals and the inhibition of the transfer of pyrolytic volatile products by catalytic formation of an intact and compact char layer.

中文翻译:

一种具有良好阻燃性、高机械性能和透明性的生物基含膦衍生物改性环氧热固性材料

在过去的几十年中,含磷阻燃剂在改善环氧树脂(EP)的阻燃性能方面引起了极大的兴趣。然而,要获得满意的阻燃效果,大多数含磷阻燃剂需要大量添加,导致阻燃环氧材料的热机械性能变差。为获得综合性能优异的阻燃EP,以生物质为原料合成了糠胺衍生的双DOPO衍生物(FA-bis-DOPO)作为阻燃EP的助固化剂。FA-bis-DOPO的加入提高了阻燃环氧材料的机械强度、储能模量和玻璃化转变温度,因为它的刚度和与环氧基体的反应性提高了交联密度。含有 5.0 wt% FA-bis-DOPO 的 EP 材料具有 31.0% 的 LOI 和 UL-94 V-0 等级,而原始 EP 的 LOI 为 23.5% 并且在 UL-94 测试中失败,表现出高FA-bis-DOPO的阻燃效率。此外,锥形量热仪结果表明,EP/FA-bis-DOPO-5.0 的 PHRR、THR 和 TSP 值分别比原始 EP 低 28.0%、27.3% 和 9.9%。FA-bis-DOPO 的阻燃机理可归因于汽相和凝相相结合的机理,其中包括通过猝灭自由基中断燃烧链反应和通过催化形成完整的和紧凑的炭层。而原始 EP 的 LOI 为 23.5%,在 UL-94 测试中失败,表明 FA-bis-DOPO 的高阻燃效率。此外,锥形量热仪结果表明,EP/FA-bis-DOPO-5.0 的 PHRR、THR 和 TSP 值分别比原始 EP 低 28.0%、27.3% 和 9.9%。FA-bis-DOPO 的阻燃机理可归因于汽相和凝相相结合的机理,其中包括通过猝灭自由基中断燃烧链反应和通过催化形成完整的和紧凑的炭层。而原始 EP 的 LOI 为 23.5%,在 UL-94 测试中失败,表明 FA-bis-DOPO 的高阻燃效率。此外,锥形量热仪结果表明,EP/FA-bis-DOPO-5.0 的 PHRR、THR 和 TSP 值分别比原始 EP 低 28.0%、27.3% 和 9.9%。FA-bis-DOPO 的阻燃机理可归因于汽相和凝相相结合的机理,其中包括通过猝灭自由基中断燃烧链反应和通过催化形成完整的和紧凑的炭层。EP/FA-bis-DOPO-5.0 的 TSP 和 TSP 值分别比原始 EP 低 28.0%、27.3% 和 9.9%。FA-bis-DOPO 的阻燃机理可归因于汽相和凝相相结合的机理,其中包括通过猝灭自由基中断燃烧链反应和通过催化形成完整的和紧凑的炭层。EP/FA-bis-DOPO-5.0 的 TSP 和 TSP 值分别比原始 EP 低 28.0%、27.3% 和 9.9%。FA-bis-DOPO 的阻燃机理可归因于汽相和凝相相结合的机理,其中包括通过猝灭自由基中断燃烧链反应和通过催化形成完整的和紧凑的炭层。
更新日期:2021-09-17
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