Despite promising proof of concept demonstrations, currently available quantum hardware suffers from fundamental scalability limitations. The field is relatively new and it is imperative to consider emerging technologies in the space and evaluate their unique tradeoff spaces to determine how to best close the gap between current devices and target applications. Here, we explore three recent developments on this front. First, we consider extensions to currently available hardware, which allow the use of higher level states, beyond the usual binary, which when used temporarily can confer circuit-level advantage. Second, we consider the use of superconducting resonant cavities to reduce hardware requirements to implement quantum error correction protocols. Finally, we consider the use of neutral atoms, which offer unique strengths and weaknesses. It is valuable to evaluate new technology early and often to determine the best path toward scalability.

中文翻译：

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量子计算的新兴技术


尽管概念验证演示很有前景，但目前可用的量子硬件仍面临基本的可扩展性限制。该领域相对较新，必须考虑该领域的新兴技术并评估其独特的权衡空间，以确定如何最好地缩小当前设备和目标应用之间的差距。在这里，我们探讨了这方面的三个最新进展。首先，我们考虑对当前可用硬件的扩展，这允许使用超出通常二进制的更高级别状态，临时使用时可以赋予电路级优势。其次，我们考虑使用超导谐振腔来降低实现量子纠错协议的硬件要求。最后，我们考虑使用中性原子，它具有独特的优点和缺点。尽早并经常评估新技术以确定实现可扩展性的最佳途径是很有价值的。