In this work, nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) were obtained by hydrothermal method with citric acid and ethylenediamine as precursors. The corrosion inhibition performance and mechanism of prepared the NCDs on the Q235 carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization curve, and surface analysis. The results that the NCDs exhibited 93% of inhibition efficiency at 100 mg/L. Electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the NCDs adsorbed on the metal surface and effectively inhibited the electron transfer process. The potentiodynamic polarization suggested that NCDs were excellent mix-type corrosion inhibition. Furthermore, NCDs successfully prevented the dissolution of anode metal and the evolution of cathode hydrogen ions. The adsorption of the NCDs followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm indicated physical and chemical adsorption. At the same time, the adsorption mechanism was analyzed, guiding the use of carbon dots as environment-friendly corrosion inhibitors in the future.

在这项工作中，以柠檬酸和乙二胺为前驱体，通过水热法制备了氮掺杂碳点（NCDs）。通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、动电位极化曲线和表面分析，对Q235碳钢在1 M HCl溶液中制备的NCDs的缓蚀性能和机理进行了评价。结果表明，NCDs 在 100 mg/L 时表现出 93% 的抑制效率。电化学测量表明，NCDs 吸附在金属表面并有效地抑制了电子转移过程。动电位极化表明 NCDs 是优异的混合型缓蚀剂。此外，NCDs 成功地阻止了阳极金属的溶解和阴极氢离子的析出。NCDs的吸附遵循Langmuir吸附等温线表明物理和化学吸附。同时对吸附机理进行了分析，为今后碳点作为环保型缓蚀剂的应用提供了指导。