Lithium-ion batteries, which perform based on the migration of lithium-ion between positive and negative electrodes, are used as a new and rechargeable energy source in electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries should be designed to enhance the performance, lifespan, and durability of the battery. It should also prevent the risk of the thermal runaway and battery explosion at high discharge rates. In this article, a prismatic single-cell of lithium-ion battery is simulated with three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics during discharge cycles at different rates using the electrochemical-thermal method. First, numerical simulation results are validated with experimental results. Then, the results of the state of charge, the electrical potential distribution, the lithium-ion concentration in electrodes and electrolyte, the temperature distribution and the heat generation rate during the discharge cycles at different rates are presented. Finally, by modifying the geometry of the battery and the location of the positive and negative tabs, it has been tried to improve the uniformity of battery parameters such as the lithium-ion concentration and the state of charge and to reduce the maximum battery surface temperature. In the improved geometry, it was observed that the total heat generation rate and the maximum temperature of the battery surface decreased by 19.94% and 2.12 K, respectively. Also, the uniformity in the temperature distribution increased by 47.3% compared to the original geometry of the battery. This will increase the lifespan of the battery and it can also prevent the risk of the thermal runaway at high discharge rates.

锂离子电池基于锂离子在正极和负极之间的迁移，被用作电动和混合动力汽车中的一种新的可充电能源。锂离子电池的设计应提高电池的性能、寿命和耐用性。它还应防止在高放电率下发生热失控和电池爆炸的风险。在本文中，使用电化学-热方法在不同倍率的放电循环过程中使用三维计算流体动力学模拟了锂离子电池的棱柱形单电池。首先，数值模拟结果与实验结果相验证。然后，荷电状态、电位分布、电极和电解质中的锂离子浓度的结果，给出了不同速率下放电循环期间的温度分布和发热率。最后，通过修改电池的几何形状和正负极极耳的位置，尝试提高锂离子浓度和荷电状态等电池参数的均匀性，降低电池表面最高温度。 . 在改进的几何形状中，观察到电池表面的总发热率和最高温度分别降低了 19.94% 和 2.12 K。此外，与电池的原始几何形状相比，温度分布的均匀性提高了 47.3%。这将增加电池的使用寿命，还可以防止高放电率下的热失控风险。