The knowledge of the temperature effect on magnetorheological fluid is critical for accurate control of magnetorheological devices, since the temperature rise during operation is unavoidable due to coil energization, wall slip, and inter-particle friction. Based on a typical commercial magnetorheological fluid, this work investigates the effect of temperature on magnetorheological properties and its mechanisms. It is found that temperature has a significant effect on the zero-field viscosity and shear stress of magnetorheological fluid. The Herschel-Bulkley model that has high accuracy at room temperature does not describe accurately the shear stress of magnetorheological fluids at high temperatures, as its relative error is even up to 21% at 70 °C. By analyzing the sources of shear stress in magnetorheological fluids, a novel constitutive model with temperature prediction is proposed by combining the Navier–Stokes equation and viscosity-temperature equation. The experimental results show that the error of the novel constitutive model decreases by 90% at different temperatures and magnetic field strengths, exhibiting an excellent accuracy. This temperature-dependent constitutive model allows the properties of an MR fluid to be widely characterized only in a few experiments.

了解温度对磁流变流体的影响对于磁流变设备的准确控制至关重要，因为由于线圈通电、壁滑移和颗粒间摩擦，运行期间的温升是不可避免的。本工作基于典型的商业磁流变流体，研究了温度对磁流变特性的影响及其机制。结果表明，温度对磁流变流体的零场粘度和剪切应力有显着影响。室温下高精度的 Herschel-Bulkley 模型并不能准确描述磁流变流体在高温下的剪切应力，其相对误差在 70°C 时甚至高达 21%。通过分析磁流变流体中剪切应力的来源，结合 Navier-Stokes 方程和粘温方程，提出了一种具有温度预测的新型本构模型。实验结果表明，新本构模型在不同温度和磁场强度下的误差降低了90%，表现出优异的精度。这种与温度相关的本构模型允许仅在少数实验中广泛表征 MR 流体的特性。