A facile solvothermal method was employed to synthesize hollow urchin-like core-shell spinel structured ZnO/ZnFe₂O₄ composite and pure ZnFe₂O₄ sensing material. As the ratios of Zn to Fe in the precursor are different the final components of the products were also different. Many techniques were used to characterize the crystalline, component and morphology of the as-prepared product. The results revealed that when the ratio of Zn to Fe is 1:2, ZnFe₂O₄ is the only product, however, when the ratio of Zn to Fe is 1:1 and 2:3, the product was ZnO/ZnFe₂O₄. SEM and TEM showed that the morphology of the as synthesized product possess unique core-shell hierarchical structure. Gas sensors based on the three sensing material were fabricated and the sensing results displayed that all of the three gas sensors have high gas response to toluene, with operating temperature of 275 (1:1), 275 (2:3), and 250 ℃ (1:2). The sensor based on pure ZnFe₂O₄ demonstrated a lower operating temperature and a higher gas response of 79–100 ppm toluene. Moreover, the detection limit of pure ZnFe₂O₄ was as low as 0.2 ppm. In addition, the sensing mechanism was detailed analyzed combined with BET and XPS results.

采用简便的溶剂热法合成了空心海胆状核壳尖晶石结构的ZnO/ZnFe ₂ O ₄复合材料和纯ZnFe ₂ O ₄传感材料。由于前体中锌与铁的比例不同，产品的最终成分也不同。许多技术被用于表征所制备产品的结晶、成分和形态。结果表明，当Zn与Fe之比为1:2时，ZnFe ₂ O ₄为唯一产物，而当Zn与Fe之比为1:1和2:3时，产物为ZnO/ZnFe ₂氧₄. SEM 和 TEM 表明合成产物的形貌具有独特的核壳层级结构。制作了基于三种传感材料的气体传感器，传感结果表明，三种气体传感器均对甲苯具有较高的气体响应，工作温度分别为 275 (1:1)、275 (2:3) 和 250 ℃ (1:2)。基于纯 ZnFe ₂ O ₄的传感器表现出较低的工作温度和较高的 79–100 ppm 甲苯气体响应。此外，纯ZnFe ₂ O ₄的检测限低至0.2 ppm。此外，结合BET和XPS结果详细分析了传感机制。