Tin phosphides, especially phosphorous-rich tin phosphides, have recently attracted increasing attention as promising anode materials for potassium ion batteries (PIBs) because of their high theoretical capacities and suitable operating voltages. However, large volume changes during potassiation/depotassiation processes severely limit their performances. Herein, SnP₃/carbon nanotubes (SnP₃/CNTs) composite was successfully prepared through a ball-milling technique and investigated as a novel anode material for PIBs. The SnP₃/CNTs-20 composite electrode delivered a reversible capacity of 373 mAh g⁻¹ at 200 mA g⁻¹ after 100 cycles and exhibited excellent rate capabilities. After 150 cycles at 1000 mA g⁻¹, a high capacity of 190 mAh g⁻¹ remained. The superior performances of SnP₃/CNTs-20 composite electrode were ascribed to the critical roles of CNTs matrix in buffering volume expansion, boosting electrical conductivity, and avoiding over thick SEI film. Furthermore, the phase transformation and structural evolution of the SnP₃/CNTs-20 composite were identified by exploiting ex-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ex-situ scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. These results are expected to inspire the development of advanced tin phosphide based anode materials for PIBs.

磷化锡，尤其是富含磷的磷化锡，由于其高理论容量和合适的工作电压，作为钾离子电池（PIB）的有前途的负极材料，最近引起了越来越多的关注。然而，钾化/脱钾过程中的大体积变化严重限制了它们的性能。在此，通过球磨技术成功制备了SnP ₃ /碳纳米管（SnP ₃ /CNTs）复合材料，并将其作为新型PIBs负极材料进行研究。SnP ₃ /CNTs-20 复合电极 在 200 mA g ^-1循环 100 次后提供 373 mAh g ^-1的可逆容量，并表现出优异的倍率性能。1000 mA g 150 次循环后^-1，保持了190 mAh g ^-1的高容量。SnP ₃ /CNTs-20 复合电极的优异性能归因于 CNTs 基质在缓冲体积膨胀、提高电导率和避免过厚的SEI 膜方面的关键作用。此外，SnP ₃ /CNTs-20 复合材料的相变和结构演变分别通过利用非原位 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和非原位扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 进行了鉴定。这些结果有望激发用于 PIB 的先进磷化锡基负极材料的开发。