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Identification of CRF66_BF, a new HIV-1 circulating recombinant form of South American origin
bioRxiv - Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-09-15 , DOI: 10.1101/2021.09.14.460288
Joan Bacque , Elena Delgado , Sonia Benito , Maria Moreno-Lorenzo , Vanessa Montero , Horacio Gil , Monica Sanchez , Maria Carmen Nieto-Toboso , Josefa Munoz , Miren Z Zubero-Sulibarria , Estibaliz Ugalde , Elena Garcia-Bodas , Javier Enrique Canada , Jorge del Romero , Carmen Rodriguez , Iciar Rodriguez-Avial , Luis Elorduy-Otazua , Jose Joaquin Portu , Juan Garcia-Costa , Antonio Ocampo , Jorge Julio Cabrera , Michael M Thomson

Circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) are important components of the HIV-1 pandemic. Among 108 reported in the literature, 17 are BF1 intersubtype recombinant, most of which are of South American origin. Among these, all 5 identified in the Southern Cone and neighboring countries, except Brazil, derive from a common recombinant ancestor related to CRF12_BF, which circulates widely in Argentina, as deduced from coincident breakpoints and clustering in phylogenetic trees. In a HIV-1 molecular epidemiological study in Spain, we identified a phylogenetic cluster of 20 samples from 3 separate regions which were of F1 subsubtype, related to the Brazilian strain, in protease-reverse transcriptase (Pr-RT) and of subtype B in integrase. Remarkably, 14 individuals from this cluster (designated BF9) were Paraguayans and only 4 were native Spaniards. HIV-1 transmission was predominantly heterosexual, except for a subcluster of 6 individuals, 5 of which were men who have sex with men. Ten additional database sequences, from Argentina (n=4), Spain (n=3), Paraguay (n=1), Brazil (n=1), and Italy (n=1), branched within the BF9 cluster. To determine whether it represents a new CRF, near full-length genome (NFLG) sequences were obtained for 6 viruses from 3 Spanish regions. Bootscan analyses showed a coincident BF1 recombinant structure, with 5 breakpoints, located in p17gag, integrase, gp120, gp41-rev overlap, and nef, which was identical to that of two BF1 recombinant viruses from Paraguay previously sequenced in NFLGs. Interestingly, none of the breakpoints coincided with those of CRF12_BF. In a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree, all 8 NFLG sequences grouped in a strongly supported clade segregating from previously identified CRFs and from the CRF12_BF ‘family’ clade. These results allow us to identify a new HIV-1 CRF, designated CRF66_BF. Through a Bayesian coalescent analysis, the most recent common ancestor of CRF66_BF was estimated around 1984 in South America, either in Paraguay or Argentina. Among Pr-RT sequences obtained by us from HIV-1-infected Paraguayans living in Spain, 14 (20.9%) of 67 were of CRF66_BF, suggesting that CRF66_BF may be one of the major HIV-1 genetic forms circulating in Paraguay. CRF66_BF is the first reported non-Brazilian South American HIV-1 CRF_BF unrelated to CRF12_BF.

中文翻译:

CRF66_BF 的鉴定,一种源自南美的新型 HIV-1 循环重组形式

循环重组形式 (CRF) 是 HIV-1 大流行的重要组成部分。在文献报道的108个中,17个是BF1亚型间重组,其中大部分来自南美。其中,除巴西外,在南锥体和邻近国家发现的所有 5 个基因都来自与 CRF12_BF 相关的共同重组祖先,该基因在阿根廷广泛传播,这是从系统发育树中的重合断点和聚类推断出来的。在西班牙的一项 HIV-1 分子流行病学研究中,我们在蛋白酶逆转录酶 (Pr-RT) 和 B 亚型中鉴定了来自 3 个独立区域的 20 个样本的系统发育簇,这些样本是与巴西毒株相关的 F1 亚型整合酶。值得注意的是,该集群中的 14 个人(指定为 BF9)是巴拉圭人,只有 4 人是本地西班牙人。HIV-1 传播主要是异性恋,除了 6 人的亚群,其中 5 人是男男性行为者。来自阿根廷 (n=4)、西班牙 (n=3)、巴拉圭 (n=1)、巴西 (n=1) 和意大利 (n=1) 的 10 个额外数据库序列在 BF9 集群内分支。为了确定它是否代表一个新的 CRF,获得了来自 3 个西班牙地区的 6 种病毒的近全长基因组 (NFLG) 序列。Bootscan 分析显示重合的 BF1 重组结构,具有 5 个断点,位于 p17 获得了来自西班牙 3 个地区的 6 种病毒的近全长基因组 (NFLG) 序列。Bootscan 分析显示重合的 BF1 重组结构,具有 5 个断点,位于 p17 获得了来自西班牙 3 个地区的 6 种病毒的近全长基因组 (NFLG) 序列。Bootscan 分析显示重合的 BF1 重组结构,具有 5 个断点,位于 p17gag、整合酶、gp120、gp41- rev重叠和nef,这与之前在 NFLG 中测序的来自巴拉圭的两种 BF1 重组病毒相同。有趣的是,没有一个断点与 CRF12_BF 的断点重合。在最大似然系统发育树中,所有 8 个 NFLG 序列都分组在一个强烈支持的进化枝中,该进化枝与先前确定的 CRF 和 CRF12_BF“家族”进化枝分离。这些结果使我们能够确定一个新的 HIV-1 CRF,命名为 CRF66_BF。通过贝叶斯聚结分析,CRF66_BF 的最新共同祖先估计于 1984 年左右在南美洲的巴拉圭或阿根廷。在我们从居住在西班牙的感染 HIV-1 的巴拉圭人那里获得的 Pr-RT 序列中,67 人中有 14 人(20.9%)是 CRF66_BF,这表明 CRF66_BF 可能是在巴拉圭流行的主要 HIV-1 遗传形式之一。
更新日期:2021-09-17
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