Nursing homes are designed and operated to meet general thermal specifications outlined by existing standards. This paper presents adaptive thermal comfort models for nursing homes based on the field survey administered in 100 common rooms of five nursing homes in the Mediterranean climate. The survey included simultaneous measurements of outdoor and indoor environmental parameters and an assessment of the occupants’ thermal comfort sensations using questionnaires. In total, 1,921 subjective questionnaires were obtained. The analysis focused on: Building Operation Mode (naturally ventilated and air-conditioned mode (cooling and heating)); and type of occupant (residents and non-residents (caregivers and therapists)). In naturally ventilated rooms residents were found to be more adaptive than what EN and ASHRAE 55:2020 standards propose (T_c (naturally ventilated) = 0.26 T_rm + 18.83 (R² = 0.81)). Residents in air-conditioned rooms were found to be less sensitive to outdoor conditions (T_c (air-conditioned) = 0.16T_rm + 20.41 (R² = 0,91)) than in naturally ventilated rooms. Both adaptive thermal models fall in limits set by these standards but in the lower acceptable levels. These adaptive thermal comfort models for nursing homes will allow extending the use of natural ventilation and the adoption of setpoint temperatures when air-conditioning is needed with the consequent reduction of heating and cooling use.

疗养院的设计和运营符合现有标准概述的一般热规范。本文基于对地中海气候下五家疗养院的 100 个公共房间进行的实地调查，提出了疗养院的适应性热舒适模型。调查包括同时测量室外和室内环境参数，以及使用问卷评估居住者的热舒适感。总共获得了1,921份主观问卷。分析重点为：建筑运营模式（自然通风和空调模式（制冷和制热））；和居住者的类型（居民和非居民（护理人员和治疗师））。在自然通风的房间里，居民被发现比 EN 和 ASHRAE 55:2020 标准提出的适应性更强（T_c (自然通风) = 0.26 T _rm  + 18.83 (R ²  = 0.81))。 与自然通风的房间相比，空调房间的居民对室外条件的敏感度较低（T _c（空调）= 0.16T _rm  + 20.41 (R ² = 0,91)）。两种自适应热模型都处于这些标准设定的限制范围内，但处于较低的可接受水平。这些适用于疗养院的自适应热舒适模型将允许扩展自然通风的使用，并在需要空调时采用设定温度，从而减少加热和冷却的使用。