Abstract

Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) are a semi-aquatic insect order with comparatively few genomic data available despite their phylogenetic position at the root of the winged-insects and possession of ancestral traits. Here, we provide three mitochondrial genomes (mtgenomes) from representatives of the two most species-rich families, Baetis rutilocylindratus and Cloeon dipterum (Baetidae), and Habrophlebiodes zijinensis (Leptophlebiidae). All mtgenomes had a complete set of 13 protein-coding genes and a conserved orientation except for two inverted tRNAs in H. zijinensis. Phylogenetic reconstructions using 21 mayfly mtgenomes and representatives of seven additional orders recovered both Baetidae and Leptophlebiidae as well supported monophyletic clades, with Ephemeroptera as the sister-taxon to all other winged insects (i.e. Odonata and Neoptera).

 抽象的

蜉蝣（蜉蝣目）是一种半水生昆虫目，尽管其系统发育位置位于有翅昆虫的根部并拥有祖先特征，但可用的基因组数据相对较少。在这里，我们提供了来自两个物种最丰富的科Baetis rut​​ilocylindratus和Cloeon ditterum （Baetidae）以及Habrophlebiodes zijinensis （Leptophlebiidae）代表的三个线粒体基因组（mtgenome）。紫金线虫中除了两个反向tRNA外，所有线粒体基因组都具有完整的13个蛋白质编码基因和保守的方向。使用 21 个蜉蝣线粒体基因组和另外 7 个目的代表进行系统发育重建，恢复了蜉蝣科和细蜉蝣科以及良好支持的单系进化枝，其中蜉蝣目是所有其他有翅昆虫（即蜻蜓目和新翅目）的姐妹分类单元。