ABSTRACT

In this work, we successfully produced Totally Chlorine Free (TCF) Bleached pulp from olive tree pruning residues using the soda-anthraquinone pulping method. TCF pulp bleaching was carried out using a chelating–hydrogen peroxide bleaching sequence. Box–Behnken design (BBD), as an experimental design for response surface methodology (RSM), was used to study the effects of the different operating conditions on the cellulose extraction and bleaching pulp and to find an optimum for each process. After pulping under optimum conditions, we obtain a yield of 28.84% for leaves and 44.18% for stems, with a kappa number of 19.74 for leaves and 36.87 for stems. Soda-anthraquinone pulps from olive tree pruning residues were then bleached with a TCF sequence, reaching a value of brightness of about 82 and a kappa number of 10.13 for leaves and 13.69 for stems. A morphological study was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), showing the raw material structures and the fiber surfaces after delignification and bleaching processes. Isolated cellulose under optimum conditions was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed that cellulose amolecules were not removed using several chemical treatments both of delignification and bleaching stages.

摘要

在这项工作中，我们使用苏打-蒽醌制浆法成功地从橄榄树修剪残渣中生产了完全无氯 (TCF) 漂白果肉。TCF 纸浆漂白使用螯合-过氧化氢漂白顺序进行。Box-Behnken 设计 (BBD)，作为响应面法 (RSM) 的一种实验设计，用于研究不同操作条件对纤维素提取和漂白纸浆的影响，并为每个过程找到最佳方法。在最佳条件下制浆后，我们得到叶的产量为 28.84%，茎的产量为 44.18%，叶的卡伯值为 19.74，茎的卡伯值为 36.87。然后用 TCF 序列漂白来自橄榄树修剪残留物的苏打-蒽醌果肉，达到约 82 的亮度值和 10.13 的叶子和 13.69 的卡伯值。使用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 进行了形态学研究，显示了脱木素和漂白过程后的原材料结构和纤维表面。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 对最佳条件下的分离纤维素进行表征，证实使用脱木素和漂白阶段的几种化学处理不会去除纤维素分子。