BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common and it is associated with poor clinical outcomes in premature and low birth weight neonates. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to summarize the literature and evaluate the prevalence, risk factors, and mortality of premature and low birth weight neonates with AKI. METHODS A systematic search in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed. Studies on the prevalence, risk factors, diagnosis, and outcomes of acute kidney injury in preterm neonates and neonates with low birth weight were included and analyzed. RESULTS Fifty articles of 10,744 patients were included in this study. The overall rate of AKI from the pooled results of all patients was 25% (95% CI 20-30%) with heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 97%; P < 0.01). Patients with AKI had significantly higher rate of mortality than patients without AKI (odds ratio (OR) = 7.13; 95% CI 5.91-8.60; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS AKI was prevalent and was associated with high mortality rate among preterm and low birth weight neonates.

中文翻译：

---

早产儿和低出生体重新生儿的急性肾损伤：系统评价和荟萃分析。

背景 急性肾损伤 (AKI) 很常见，并且与早产儿和低出生体重新生儿的不良临床结局相关。这项系统回顾和荟萃分析旨在总结文献并评估 AKI 早产儿和低出生体重新生儿的患病率、危险因素和死亡率。方法 在 PubMed、Embase 和 Cochrane Library 中进行系统搜索。纳入并分析了早产儿和低出生体重新生儿急性肾损伤的患病率、危险因素、诊断和结局的研究。结果 10,744 名患者的 50 篇文章被纳入本研究。所有患者汇总结果的 AKI 总发生率为 25%（95% CI 20-30%），研究间存在异质性（I2 = 97%；P < 0.01）。AKI 患者的死亡率明显高于无 AKI 患者（优势比 (OR) = 7.13；95% CI 5.91-8.60；P < 0.01）。结论 AKI 很普遍，并且与早产儿和低出生体重新生儿的高死亡率相关。