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Genetic Manipulation of Non-Falciparum Human Malaria Parasites.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-30 , DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.680460
Taís Baruel Vieira 1 , Thafne Plastina Astro 1 , Roberto Rudge de Moraes Barros 1
Affiliation  

The development of genetic manipulation of Plasmodium falciparum in the 1980s was key to study malaria biology. Genetically modified parasites have been used to study several aspects of the disease, such as red blood cell invasion, drug resistance mechanisms, gametocyte development and mosquito transmission. However, biological and genetic differences between P. falciparum and the other human malaria parasites make P. falciparum a poor model to study different species. The lack of robust systems of long-term in vitro culture of P. vivax and the other human malaria parasites lagged the genetic manipulation of these species. Here we review the efforts to generate genetically modified non-falciparum human malaria parasites, in vivo and in vitro. Using in vivo models - infection of non-human primates such as rhesus macaques and saimiri monkeys - researchers were able to generate transgenic lines of P. knowlesi, P. cynomolgi, and P. vivax. The development of long-term in vitro culture of P. knowlesi in the 2000's, using rhesus and human red blood cells, created a platform to genetically manipulate non-falciparum malaria parasites. Recently, the use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology to genome edit P. knowlesi provides another tool to non-falciparum malaria research, extending the possibilities and allowing researchers to study different aspects of the biology of these parasites and understand the differences between these species and P. falciparum.

中文翻译:

非恶性疟原虫人类疟疾寄生虫的遗传操作。

1980 年代恶性疟原虫基因操作的发展是研究疟疾生物学的关键。转基因寄生虫已被用于研究该疾病的多个方面,如红细胞入侵、耐药机制、配子体发育和蚊子传播。然而,恶性疟原虫与其他人类疟疾寄生虫之间的生物学和遗传差异使恶性疟原虫成为研究不同物种的不良模型。缺乏对间日疟原虫和其他人类疟原虫进行长期体外培养的稳健系统落后于对这些物种的基因操作。在这里,我们回顾了在体内和体外产生转基因非恶性疟原虫人类疟疾寄生虫的努力。使用体内模型——感染非人类灵长类动物,如恒河猴和赛米猴——研究人员能够产生 P. knowlesi、P. cynomolgi 和 P. vivax 的转基因品系。2000 年代诺氏疟原虫长期体外培养的发展,使用恒河猴和人类红细胞,创建了一个平台来对非恶性疟原虫进行基因操作。最近,使用 CRISPR/Cas9 技术对诺氏疟原虫进行基因组编辑,为非恶性疟研究提供了另一种工具,扩大了可能性,让研究人员能够研究这些寄生虫生物学的不同方面,并了解这些物种与疟原虫之间的差异。 . 恶性疟原​​虫。Knowlesi 在 2000 年代,使用恒河猴和人类红细胞,创建了一个平台来对非恶性疟原虫进行基因操作。最近,使用 CRISPR/Cas9 技术对诺氏疟原虫进行基因组编辑,为非恶性疟研究提供了另一种工具,扩大了可能性,让研究人员能够研究这些寄生虫生物学的不同方面,并了解这些物种与疟原虫之间的差异。 . 恶性疟原​​虫。Knowlesi 在 2000 年代,使用恒河猴和人类红细胞,创建了一个平台来对非恶性疟原虫进行基因操作。最近,使用 CRISPR/Cas9 技术对诺氏疟原虫进行基因组编辑,为非恶性疟研究提供了另一种工具,扩大了可能性,让研究人员能够研究这些寄生虫生物学的不同方面,并了解这些物种与疟原虫之间的差异。 . 恶性疟原​​虫。
更新日期:2021-08-30
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