Prolyl-specific peptidases or proteases, including Dipeptidyl Peptidase 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, Fibroblast Activation Protein, prolyl endopeptidase, and prolyl carboxypeptidase, belong to the dipeptidyl peptidase family. In human physiology and anatomy, they have homology amino acid sequences and similarities in the structure; however, they have distinct functions and play different roles. Some of them also play important roles in the metabolism of drugs containing endogenous peptides, xenobiotics containing peptides, and exogenous peptides. The major functions of these peptidases in both the metabolism of human health and bioactive peptides are of significant importance in the development of effective inhibitors to control the metabolism of endogenous bioactive peptides. The structural characteristics, distribution of tissue, endogenous substrates, and biological functions were summarized in this review. Furthermore, the xenobiotics metabolism of the dipeptidyl peptidase family is illustrated. All the evidence and information summarized in this review would be very useful for researchers to extend the understanding of the proteins of these families and offer advice and assistance in physiology and pathology studies.

中文翻译：

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二肽基肽酶家族的研究进展：结构、功能和外源代谢。

脯氨酰特异性肽酶或蛋白酶，包括二肽基肽酶2、4、6、8、9、10、成纤维细胞活化蛋白、脯氨酰内肽酶和脯氨酰羧肽酶，属于二肽基肽酶家族。在人体生理和解剖学上，它们具有同源的氨基酸序列和结构上的相似性；但是，它们具有不同的功能并扮演不同的角色。它们中的一些还在含内源肽的药物、含肽的异生素和外源肽的代谢中发挥重要作用。这些肽酶在人体健康代谢和生物活性肽代谢中的主要功能对于开发控制内源性生物活性肽代谢的有效抑制剂具有重要意义。结构特征、组织分布、内源性底物、本综述总结了生物学功能。此外，还说明了二肽基肽酶家族的异生物质代谢。本综述中总结的所有证据和信息对于研究人员扩展对这些家族蛋白质的理解并为生理学和病理学研究提供建议和帮助非常有用。