On account of the poor biocompatibility of synthetic prosthesis, millions of rhinoplasty recipients have been forced to choose autologous costal cartilage as grafts, which suffer from limited availability, morbidity at the donor site and prolonged operation time. Here, as a promising alternative to autologous costal cartilage, we developed a novel xenogeneic costal cartilage and explored its feasibility as a rhinoplasty graft for the first time. Adopting an improved decellularization protocol, in which the ionic detergent was substituted by trypsin, the resulting decellularized graft was confirmed to preserve more structural components and better mechanics, and eliminate cellular components effectively. The in vitro and in vivo compatibility experiments demonstrated that the decellularized graft showed excellent biocompatibility and biosecurity. Additionally, the functionality assessment of rhinoplasty was performed in a rabbit model, and the condition of grafts after implantation was comprehensively evaluated. The optimized graft exhibited better capacity to reduce the degradation rate and maintain the morphology, in comparison to the decellularized costal cartilage prepared by conventional protocol. These findings indicate that this optimized graft derived from decellularized xenogeneic costal cartilage provides a new prospective for future investigations of rhinoplasty prosthesis and has great potential for clinical application.

中文翻译：

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优化的异种脱细胞肋软骨移植物的制造和评估：用于鼻整形术的新型生物相容性假体的临床前研究


由于合成假体的生物相容性差，数百万鼻整形受者被迫选择自体肋软骨作为移植物，但其可用性有限、供体部位发病率高且手术时间长。在这里，作为自体肋软骨的一种有前景的替代品，我们开发了一种新型异种肋软骨，并首次探讨了其作为鼻整形术移植物的可行性。采用改进的脱细胞方案，其中离子去污剂被胰蛋白酶替代，所得到的脱细胞移植物被证实能够保留更多的结构成分和更好的力学性能，并有效消除细胞成分。体外和体内相容性实验表明，脱细胞移植物表现出优异的生物相容性和生物安全性。此外，还在兔模型上进行了鼻整形术的功能评估，并对移植物植入后的状况进行了综合评价。与传统方案制备的脱细胞肋软骨相比，优化的移植物表现出更好的降低降解率和保持形态的能力。这些结果表明，这种优化的脱细胞异种肋软骨移植物为未来鼻整形假体的研究提供了新的前景，具有巨大的临床应用潜力。