Objective High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a safe and feasible form of exercise. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the mental health effects of HIIT, in healthy populations and those with physical illnesses, and to compare the mental health effects to non-active controls and other forms of exercise. Design Random effects meta-analyses were undertaken for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing HIIT with non-active and/or active (exercise) control conditions for the following coprimary outcomes: mental well-being, symptoms of depression, anxiety and psychological stress. Positive and negative affect, distress and sleep outcomes were summarised narratively. Data sources Medline, PsycINFO, Embase and CENTRAL databases were searched from inception to 7 July 2020. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies RCTs that investigated HIIT in healthy populations and/or those with physical illnesses and reported change in mental well-being, depression, anxiety, psychological stress, positive/negative affect, distress and/or sleep quality. Results Fifty-eight RCTs were retrieved. HIIT led to moderate improvements in mental well-being (standardised mean difference (SMD): 0.418; 95% CI: 0.135 to 0.701; n=12 studies), depression severity (SMD: –0.496; 95% CI: −0.973 to −0.020; n=10) and perceived stress (SMD: −0.474; 95% CI: −0.796 to −0.152; n=4) compared with non-active controls, and small improvements in mental well-being compared with active controls (SMD:0.229; 95% CI: 0.054 to 0.403; n=12). There was a suggestion that HIIT may improve sleep and psychological distress compared with non-active controls: however, these findings were based on a small number of RCTs. Conclusion These findings support the use of HIIT for mental health in the general population. Level of evidence The quality of evidence was moderate-to-high according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) criteria. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020182643

中文翻译：

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高强度间歇训练能否改善普通人群和身体疾病患者的心理健康状况？系统评价和荟萃分析

目的 高强度间歇训练（HIIT）是一种安全可行的运动方式。这项荟萃分析的目的是调查 HIIT 对健康人群和身体疾病患者的心理健康影响，并将心理健康影响与非主动控制和其他形式的运动进行比较。设计 对随机对照试验 (RCT) 进行了随机效应荟萃分析，将 HIIT 与非主动和/或主动（运动）控制条件进行了比较，以获得以下共同主要结果：心理健康、抑郁症状、焦虑和心理压力。叙述性地总结了积极和消极的影响、痛苦和睡眠结果。数据来源 Medline、PsycINFO、Embase 和 CENTRAL 数据库从开始到 2020 年 7 月 7 日进行了搜索。选择研究的资格标准 RCT 在健康人群和/或身体疾病患者中调查 HIIT，并报告心理健康、抑郁、焦虑、心理压力、积极/消极影响、痛苦和/或睡眠质量的变化。结果 共检索到 58 篇 RCT。HIIT 可适度改善心理健康（标准化平均差 (SMD)：0.418；95% CI：0.135 至 0.701；n=12 项研究）、抑郁严重程度（SMD：–0.496；95% CI：-0.973 至 - 0.020；n=10）和感知压力（SMD：-0.474；95% CI：-0.796 至 -0.152；n=4）与非活动对照组相比，与活动对照组相比心理健康略有改善（SMD :0.229；95% CI：0.054 至 0.403；n=12)。有人认为 HIIT 与非活动对照组相比可能会改善睡眠和心理困扰：然而，这些发现是基于少数随机对照试验。结论 这些发现支持将 HIIT 用于一般人群的心理健康。证据级别 根据“推荐评估、制定和评估分级”标准，证据质量为中到高。PROSPERO 注册号 CRD42020182643