The accelerated microbial resistance evoked by the misuse and improper disposal of antibiotics has posed severe thereat to the public health. Despite considerable efforts on antimicrobial materials development, it is demanding to search for safe and effective antibacterial agents capable of minimizing resistance risks. Here, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) integrated superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO/ZnO NPs) as recyclable bactericide was formed through the one-pot synthesis strategy. The obtained SPIO/ZnO NPs of desirable biocompatibility efficiently inhibit S. aureus and E. coli growth, of which the bactericidal activities were retained for four cycles of repeated use. Furthermore, the mechanistic studies of antibiosis revealed the damaging role of the nanocomposite to the bacteria cells through a tight attachment on the cell membrane, followed by the regulated release of Zn²⁺ from the composites. The produced recyclable SPIO/ZnO NPs of negligible development of bacterial resistance hold potentials for practical applications.

滥用和不当处置抗生素引起的加速微生物耐药性已对公众健康造成严重影响。尽管在抗菌材料开发方面做出了巨大努力，但仍需要寻找能够将耐药风险降至最低的安全有效的抗菌剂。在这里，氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO NPs）通过一锅合成策略形成了作为可回收杀菌剂的超顺磁性氧化铁（SPIO/ZnO NPs）。获得的具有理想生物相容性的 SPIO/ZnO NPs 可有效抑制金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌生长，其中杀菌活性保持重复使用四个循环。此外，抗菌机理研究揭示了纳米复合材料通过紧密附着在细胞膜上对细菌细胞的破坏作用，随后从复合材料中调控 Zn ^{2+ 的}释放。所生产的可回收的 SPIO/ZnO NPs 的细菌耐药性发展可忽略不计，具有实际应用的潜力。