Herein, we demonstrated a facile method for the fabrication of magnetic and superhydrophobic polyurethane sponge with water contact angle of 159° as an adsorbent for cleanup the marine oil spill pollution. For this aim, a polyurethane sponge was coated with carbon black (CB), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)@Fe₃O₄, and acrylic resin and then characterized by different techniques. Owing to the chemical and thermal stability of h-BN and CB, the modified sponge was stable under corrosive conditions (pH = 1–14 and salt solutions) and at different temperatures (−12 °C–105 °C). In addition to common oils and organic solvents, we also used the real spilled oils containing monoaromatics and polyaromatics in the water surfaces of the Persian Gulf for investigation of adsorption efficiency of sponge in a real condition. The oil adsorption capacity of this sponge was in the range of 64–176 g g⁻¹. Also, this adsorbent can separate high amount of oil or organic solvents up to 66,400 times of its own weight from the oil-water mixture in a continuous separation. The results confirm that modified sponge can be used more than 20 times for oil spill cleanup without considerable reduction of its adsorption capacity. Consequently, the modified sponge is a promising candidate material for use in a real oil-water separation process.

在此，我们展示了一种制备水接触角为 159° 的磁性和超疏水聚氨酯海绵的简便方法，该海绵可作为清除海洋溢油污染的吸附剂。为此，聚氨酯海绵涂有炭黑 (CB)、六方氮化硼 (h-BN)@Fe ₃ O ₄和丙烯酸树脂，然后通过不同的技术进行表征。由于 h-BN 和 CB 的化学和热稳定性，改性海绵在腐蚀条件（pH = 1-14 和盐溶液）和不同温度（-12°C-105°C）下是稳定的。除了常见的油类和有机溶剂外，我们还利用波斯湾水面含单芳烃和多芳烃的真实溢油，研究了海绵在真实条件下的吸附效率。这种海绵的吸油能力在 64-176 g g ^-1范围内. 此外，这种吸附剂可以在连续分离中从油水混合物中分离出高达其自身重量 66,400 倍的大量油或有机溶剂。结果证实，改性海绵可用于溢油清理 20 次以上，而不会显着降低其吸附能力。因此，改性海绵是用于实际油水分离过程的有前途的候选材料。