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Insights into High-Efficiency Ag-Alloyed CZTSSe Solar Cells Fabricated through Aqueous Spray Deposition
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-16 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11053
Temujin Enkhbat 1 , Enkhjargal Enkhbayar 1 , Md Hamim Sharif 1 , Md Salahuddin Mina 1 , Soomin Song 2 , JunHo Kim 1
Affiliation  

Kesterite Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe), Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe), and Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) solar cells show considerably lower open-circuit voltages than their theoretical values. The large open-circuit voltage deficiency (Vocdef) hinders the improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and the development of the pathway to mass production of kesterite solar cells. The main reason behind the Vocdef is considered to be the low formation energy of Cu/Zn disorders and their highly distributed defect complexes. To diminish the Cu/Zn disorder, we substituted Ag with a relatively large atomic radius into the host CZTSSe as (AgxCu1–x)2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (ACZTSSe) and investigated its beneficial effect in a systematic way. The ACZTSSe absorbers were all fabricated using aqueous spray pyrolysis in ambient air. The device performance was found to increase up to the optimum Ag substitution and decrease after the optimum Ag substitution. Admittance spectroscopy revealed that the optimal substitution of Ag reduced the Cu-/Zn-related defects, that is, charge recombination centers, which further mitigates the band tailing issue and enhances the PCE of the solar cell, and higher Ag substitution induced the generation of deeper defects, which decreases the PCE back. At the optimum Ag content of Ag/(Ag + Cu) = ∼9%, the ACZTSSe solar cell with the highest PCE of 11.83% was obtained, where both the interface recombination and bulk recombination were found to be minimized.

中文翻译:

深入了解通过水喷雾沉积制造的高效银合金 CZTSSe 太阳能电池

Kesterite Cu 2 ZnSnSe 4 (CZTSe)、Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe)和Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS)太阳能电池的开路电压比它们的理论值低得多。较大的开路电压不足 ( V oc def ) 阻碍了功率转换效率 (PCE) 的提高和锌锡石太阳能电池大规模生产途径的发展。V oc def背后的主要原因被认为是 Cu/Zn 紊乱及其高度分布的缺陷复合物的低形成能。为了减少 Cu/Zn 无序,我们将原子半径相对较大的 Ag 替换为 (Ag x Cu 1– x ) 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4(ACZTSSe) 并系统地研究了其有益效果。ACZTSSe 吸收器都是在环境空气中使用水喷雾热解制造的。发现器件性能增加到最佳 Ag 替代,并在最佳 Ag 替代后降低。导纳光谱显示,Ag 的最佳取代减少了与 Cu/Zn 相关的缺陷,即电荷复合中心,这进一步减轻了带尾问题并增强了太阳能电池的 PCE,较高的 Ag 取代诱导了更深的缺陷,这会降低 PCE 的回归。在 Ag/(Ag + Cu) = ∼9% 的最佳 Ag 含量下,获得了最高 PCE 为 11.83% 的 ACZTSSe 太阳能电池,其中发现界面复合和体复合最小化。
更新日期:2021-09-29
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