ABSTRACT

This study investigates how work-related consequences of COVID-19 in Norway during the first wave varied between workers in different employment arrangements. The generalised linear model (GLM) regressions estimate the relative risk of being directed to work from home, temporarily laid off, having reduced working time and income loss in a representative sample of 3002 workers. The models compare temporarily employed and self-employed workers with permanently employed workers and workers in voluntary and involuntary part-time positions with full-time workers. Results indicate that the self-employed had a higher likelihood of experiencing reduced working time and income loss. Temporary employment did not entail a higher likelihood of any measured outcomes. Part-time workers had a higher chance of income loss and a lower chance of being directed to work from home than full-time workers. Results also indicate that employees in part-time positions had a higher likelihood of having reduced working hours. The findings are discussed with perspectives on flexibility, risk and how standard jobs form regulation and welfare policy. Despite the government’s efforts to increase the safety nets for new groups of workers, our results indicate that the coverage was not wide enough. Thus, illustrating the individual economic risk inherent in non-standard employment relationships.

摘要

本研究调查了在第一波疫情期间挪威 COVID-19 与工作相关的后果在不同就业安排的工人之间有何不同。广义线性模型 (GLM) 回归估计了在 3002 名工人的代表性样本中被指示在家工作、暂时下岗、减少工作时间和收入损失的相对风险。这些模型将临时就业和个体经营的工人与长期就业的工人以及自愿和非自愿兼职职位的工人与全职工人进行比较。结果表明，个体经营者经历工作时间减少和收入损失的可能性更高。临时就业并不意味着任何衡量结果的可能性更高。与全职工人相比，兼职工人的收入损失几率更高，被要求在家工作的几率更低。结果还表明，兼职员工减少工作时间的可能性更高。研究结果从灵活性、风险以及标准工作如何形成监管和福利政策的角度进行了讨论。尽管政府努力为新的工人群体增加安全网，但我们的结果表明覆盖范围不够广泛。因此，说明了非标准雇佣关系中固有的个人经济风险。风险以及标准工作如何形成监管和福利政策。尽管政府努力为新的工人群体增加安全网，但我们的结果表明覆盖范围不够广泛。因此，说明了非标准雇佣关系中固有的个人经济风险。风险以及标准工作如何形成监管和福利政策。尽管政府努力为新的工人群体增加安全网，但我们的结果表明覆盖范围不够广泛。因此，说明了非标准雇佣关系中固有的个人经济风险。