ABSTRACT

Traditional communities have wide knowledge and experience of wild plants as natural resources that have historically been important for food, medicine, spiritual and hygienic uses. These communities have over generations developed knowledge, skills, beliefs and practices related to the natural environment that they are a part of. This type of knowledge is defined as Traditional Ecological Knowledge and is critical in the understanding of cultural heritage. Palestine encompasses a unique cultural heritage regarding wild plant use. The village of Artas, south of Bethlehem, has been researched by ethnobotanists and anthropologists as early as the 1930s, where studies illustrate the profound rooted connection Palestinian villagers held with their natural surroundings, and how social coherence around the outdoor life was entrenched in the local culture. The results of this study indicate that foraging wild plants was traditionally a social activity, and the villagers attach a lot of meaning to these plants due to their medicinal and nutritional value, but also as a part of their surrounding environment around which their lives revolved. The Israeli occupation since 1967 progressively caused a shift from a centuries-old common-pool resource to a restricted area, which eliminated the access to ancestral land and will possibly diminish future levels of Traditional Ecological Knowledge.

摘要

传统社区对作为自然资源的野生植物拥有广泛的知识和经验，这些资源在历史上对食品、医药、精神和卫生用途都很重要。这些社区世代相传，发展了与其所属的自然环境相关的知识、技能、信仰和实践。这类知识被定义为传统生态知识，对理解文化遗产至关重要。巴勒斯坦拥有关于野生植物利用的独特文化遗产。早在 1930 年代，民族植物学家和人类学家就对伯利恒南部的阿尔塔斯村进行了研究，研究表明巴勒斯坦村民与其自然环境有着根深蒂固的联系，以及围绕户外生活的社会一致性如何在当地文化中根深蒂固。这项研究的结果表明，觅食野生植物是一种传统的社会活动，村民们对这些植物赋予了很多意义，因为它们具有药用和营养价值，同时也是他们生活所围绕的周围环境的一部分。以色列自 1967 年以来的占领逐渐导致从具有数百年历史的公共池资源向限制区域的转变，这消除了对祖传土地的访问，并可能降低传统生态知识的未来水平。但也作为他们生活所围绕的周围环境的一部分。以色列自 1967 年以来的占领逐渐导致从具有数百年历史的公共池资源向限制区域的转变，这消除了对祖传土地的访问，并可能降低传统生态知识的未来水平。但也作为他们生活所围绕的周围环境的一部分。以色列自 1967 年以来的占领逐渐导致从具有数百年历史的公共池资源向限制区域的转变，这消除了对祖传土地的访问，并可能降低传统生态知识的未来水平。