In this paper, we compare liability rules in a world where human-driven and fully-autonomous cars coexist. We develop a model where a manufacturer can invest to improve the safety of autonomous cars. Human drivers may decide to purchase a fully-autonomous car to save precaution costs to avoid road accidents and shift liability to the car manufacturer. As compared to the negligence rule, a strict liability regime on both human drivers and car manufacturers is proved to be a superior policy. In particular, strict liability leads to more efficient R&D investments to enhance the benefits of the technology and favors the adoption of fully-autonomous cars. We also recommend that users of fully-autonomous cars make a technology-dependent payment to a third-party if there is an accident to discipline their activity levels.

在本文中，我们比较了人类驾驶和全自动驾驶汽车共存的世界中的责任规则。我们开发了一个模型，制造商可以通过投资来提高自动驾驶汽车的安全性。人类司机可能会决定购买一辆全自动汽车，以节省预防成本，以避免道路事故并将责任转移给汽车制造商。与疏忽规则相比，对人类驾驶员和汽车制造商的严格责任制度被证明是一种优越的政策。特别是，严格责任导致更有效的研发投资，以提高技术的收益，并有利于全自动汽车的采用。我们还建议全自动驾驶汽车的用户在发生事故时向第三方支付技术相关费用，以控制他们的活动水平。