The trade-off between desirable public health outcomes and undesirable economic outcomes of anti-pandemic measures forces policy makers everywhere to seek the right combination of measures to balance the public health concerns against employment and income considerations. This article describes a novel input–output approach to assessing economywide costs of shutting down tourism and related sectors to curb the spread of COVID-19. Our framework allows for a decomposition of the total effects of shutdowns into sectoral output losses resulting from (i) suspension of the delivery of inputs to other sectors, (ii) termination of the demand for inputs produced by these sectors, and (iii) the interruption of payments to the owners of factors of production employed in the sectors ordered to shut down. We illustrate the use of this methodological framework to measure and decompose the effects of recent shutdown orders issued in Turkey, a country of major tourism activity.

抗击流行病措施的理想公共卫生结果和不良经济结果之间的权衡迫使各地的决策者寻求正确的措施组合，以平衡公共卫生问题与就业和收入考虑。本文描述了一种新的投入产出方法，用于评估关闭旅游业和相关部门以遏制 COVID-19 传播的经济范围内的成本。我们的框架允许将停工的总影响分解为由以下原因导致的部门产出损失：(i) 暂停向其他部门提供投入，(ii) 终止对这些部门生产的投入的需求，以及 (iii)中断向被责令关闭的部门中使用的生产要素的所有者付款。