Due to limited fossil fuel resources, a growing increase in energy demand and the need to maintain positive environmental effects, concentrating solar power (CSP) plant as a promising technology has driven the world to find new sustainable and competitive methods for energy production. The scheduling capability of a CSP plant equipped with thermal energy storage (TES) surpasses a photovoltaic (PV) unit and augments the sustainability of energy system performance. However, restricting CSP plant application compared to a PV plant due to its high investment is a challenging issue. This paper presents a model to assemble a combined heat and power (CHP) with a CSP plant for enhancing heat utilization and reduce the overall cost of the plant, thus, the CSP benefits proved by researches can be implemented more economically. Moreover, the compressed air energy storage (CAES) is used with a CSP-TES-CHP plant in order that the thermoelectric decoupling of the CHP be facilitated. Therefore, the virtual power plant (VPP) created is a suitable design for large power grids, which can trade heat and electricity in response to the market without restraint by thermoelectric constraint. Furthermore, the day-ahead offering strategy of the VPP is modeled as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem with the goal of maximizing the profit in the market. The simulation results prove the efficiency of the proposed model. The proposed VPP has a 2% increase in profit and a maximum 6% increase in the market electricity price per day compared to the system without CAES.

由于化石燃料资源有限、能源需求不断增加以及需要保持积极的环境影响，聚光太阳能 (CSP) 发电厂作为一项有前途的技术，已推动世界寻找新的可持续和有竞争力的能源生产方法。配备热能储存 (TES) 的 CSP 电厂的调度能力超过了光伏 (PV) 装置，并增强了能源系统性能的可持续性。然而，与光伏电站相比，由于其高投资而限制 CSP 电站的应用是一个具有挑战性的问题。本文提出了一种将热电联产 (CHP) 与 CSP 装置组装在一起的模型，以提高热利用并降低装置的整体成本，从而可以更经济地实施研究证明的 CSP 效益。而且，压缩空气储能 (CAES) 与 CSP-TES-CHP 设备一起使用，以促进 CHP 的热电解耦。因此，所创建的虚拟电厂（VPP）是适合大型电网的设计，它可以在不受热电约束的情况下响应市场进行热电交易。此外，VPP 的日前发售策略被建模为混合整数线性规划 (MILP) 问题，其目标是最大化市场利润。仿真结果证明了所提出模型的有效性。与没有 CAES 的系统相比，拟议的 VPP 每天的利润增加 2%，市场电价最高增加 6%。