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Bayesian Models for Analysis of Inventory and Monitoring Data with Non-ignorable Missingness
Journal of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Statistics ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-15 , DOI: 10.1007/s13253-021-00473-z
Luke J. Zachmann 1 , Erin M. Borgman 2 , Dana L. Witwicki 3 , Megan C. Swan 4 , Cheryl McIntyre 5 , N. Thompson Hobbs 6
Affiliation  

We describe the application of Bayesian hierarchical models to the analysis of data from long-term, environmental monitoring programs. The goal of these ongoing programs is to understand status and trend in natural resources. Data are usually collected using complex sampling designs including stratification, revisit schedules, finite populations, unequal probabilities of inclusion of sample units, and censored observations. Complex designs intentionally create data that are missing from the complete data that could theoretically be obtained. This “missingness” cannot be ignored in analysis. Data collected by monitoring programs have traditionally been analyzed using the design-based Horvitz–Thompson estimator to obtain point estimates of means and variances over time. However, Horvitz–Thompson point estimates are not capable of supporting inference on temporal trend or the predictor variables that might explain trend, which instead requires model-based inference. The key to applying model-based inference to data arising from complex designs is to include information about the sampling design in the analysis. The statistical concept of ignorability provides a theoretical foundation for meeting this requirement. We show how Bayesian hierarchical models provide a general framework supporting inference on status and trend using data from the National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program as examples. Supplemental Materials Code and data for implementing the analyses described here can be accessed here: https://doi.org/10.36967/code-2287025.



中文翻译:

用于分析具有不可忽略缺失的库存和监控数据的贝叶斯模型

我们描述了贝叶斯分层模型在长期环境监测项目数据分析中的应用。这些正在进行的计划的目标是了解自然资源的现状和趋势。通常使用复杂的抽样设计收集数据,包括分层、重访计划、有限总体、样本单元包含的不等概率和删失观察。复杂的设计有意创建了理论上可以获得的完整数据中缺失的数据。这种“缺失”在分析中是不容忽视的。监测程序收集的数据传统上使用基于设计的 Horvitz-Thompson 估计器进行分析,以获得随时间变化的均值和方差的点估计值。然而,Horvitz-Thompson 点估计无法支持对时间趋势或可能解释趋势的预测变量的推断,这需要基于模型的推断。将基于模型的推理应用于来自复杂设计的数据的关键是在分析中包含有关抽样设计的信息。可忽略性的统计概念为满足这一要求提供了理论基础。我们展示了贝叶斯分层模型如何使用来自国家公园管理局清单和监控计划的数据作为示例提供支持状态和趋势推断的通用框架。可在此处访问用于实施此处描述的分析的补充材料代码和数据:https://doi.org/10.36967/code-2287025。这需要基于模型的推理。将基于模型的推理应用于来自复杂设计的数据的关键是在分析中包含有关抽样设计的信息。可忽略性的统计概念为满足这一要求提供了理论基础。我们展示了贝叶斯分层模型如何使用来自国家公园管理局清单和监控计划的数据作为示例提供支持状态和趋势推断的通用框架。可在此处访问用于实施此处描述的分析的补充材料代码和数据:https://doi.org/10.36967/code-2287025。这需要基于模型的推理。将基于模型的推理应用于来自复杂设计的数据的关键是在分析中包含有关抽样设计的信息。可忽略性的统计概念为满足这一要求提供了理论基础。我们展示了贝叶斯分层模型如何使用来自国家公园管理局清单和监控计划的数据作为示例提供支持状态和趋势推断的通用框架。可在此处访问用于实施此处描述的分析的补充材料代码和数据:https://doi.org/10.36967/code-2287025。可忽略性的统计概念为满足这一要求提供了理论基础。我们展示了贝叶斯分层模型如何使用来自国家公园管理局清单和监控计划的数据作为示例提供支持状态和趋势推断的通用框架。可在此处访问用于实施此处描述的分析的补充材料代码和数据:https://doi.org/10.36967/code-2287025。可忽略性的统计概念为满足这一要求提供了理论基础。我们展示了贝叶斯分层模型如何使用来自国家公园管理局清单和监控计划的数据作为示例提供支持状态和趋势推断的通用框架。可在此处访问用于实施此处描述的分析的补充材料代码和数据:https://doi.org/10.36967/code-2287025。

更新日期:2021-09-16
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