Due to the environmental persistence and various health problems associated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), they have come under increased public scrutiny. However, the efficient extraction of PFASs from complex media remains challenging. Herein, an olefin-linked covalent organic framework (COF-CN) has been prepared via a Knoevenagel condensation reaction, followed by reduction using LiAlH₄ to form an amine-functionalized COF (COF-NH₂). The characterization results demonstrated that the crystal structure was maintained during the post-modification step. Isothermal and kinetic adsorption studies showed the higher affinity of COF-NH₂ toward PFASs. Based on density functional theory, the adsorption mechanism of the stable six-member-ring structure formed between COF-NH₂ and PFASs via hydrogen bonding was tentatively revealed. After optimizing the solid-phase microextraction parameters, legacy and emerging PFASs were efficiently extracted from fish using the COF-NH₂ coating, followed by detection using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The method exhibited ideal linearity, low limits of quantification, excellent precision, and high relative recoveries. Finally, the bioconcentration kinetics for goldfish was studied, which can provide a feasible platform for investigating the accumulate ion and toxicity of PFASs.

由于与全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 相关的环境持久性和各种健康问题，它们受到了越来越多的公众审查。然而，从复杂介质中有效提取 PFAS 仍然具有挑战性。在此，通过Knoevenagel缩合反应制备了烯烃连接的共价有机骨架（COF-CN），然后使用LiAlH ₄还原形成胺官能化COF（COF-NH ₂）。表征结果表明，晶体结构在后改性步骤期间保持不变。等温和动力学吸附研究表明 COF-NH _{2的亲和力更高}PFASs。基于密度泛函理论，初步揭示了COF-NH ₂与PFASs之间通过氢键形成的稳定六元环结构的吸附机理。在优化固相微萃取参数后，使用 COF-NH ₂涂层从鱼类中高效提取传统和新兴 PFAS，然后使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱进行检测。该方法具有理想的线性、低定量限、出色的精密度和较高的相对回收率。最后，研究了金鱼的生物富集动力学，为研究PFASs的累积离子和毒性提供了一个可行的平台。