The use of a wide range of methods for incorporating nitrogen atoms on robust catalysts has given rise to fundamental advances in the field of energy conversion and storage. Recently, nitrogen incorporation has proven to be able to fine-tune the electron densities of exposed active sites to create high-performance electrocatalysts. The preservation of a strong interface between the local atomic coordination of nitrogen atoms on bare carbon, single metal atoms, transition metal oxides, metal chalcogenides, and MXenes during synthesis plays an important role in producing an efficient electrocatalysts. In addition, the ability of nitrogen atoms to bind with carbon or metal atoms can be influenced by processing conditions. In this regard, this review is the first comprehensive overview of the range of synthetic strategies to form nitrogen incorporated catalysts and assess their chemical, structural, physical electronic property modification and their influence on electrocatalytic ORR, OER, and HER performance. This review will describe how specific strategies have been utilized to realise effective electrocatalytic systems, including the energy conversion of nitrogen incorporated catalysts, structural coordination, and material optimization. Finally, the main challenges to be considered in future investigations in order to initiate new research efforts in this promising research area are discussed.

使用广泛的方法将氮原子结合到坚固的催化剂上，已经在能量转换和存储领域取得了根本性的进步。最近，已证明氮掺入能够微调暴露活性位点的电子密度，以制造高性能电催化剂。在合成过程中，氮原子在裸碳、单金属原子、过渡金属氧化物、金属硫属元素化物和 MXenes 上的局部原子配位之间的强界面的保持在生产高效电催化剂方面起着重要作用。此外，氮原子与碳或金属原子结合的能力会受到加工条件的影响。在这方面，本综述首次全面概述了形成含氮催化剂的合成策略范围，并评估了它们的化学、结构、物理电子性质的改变及其对电催化 ORR、OER 和 HER 性能的影响。本综述将描述如何利用特定策略来实现有效的电催化系统，包括掺氮催化剂的能量转换、结构协调和材料优化。最后，讨论了在未来调查中要考虑的主要挑战，以便在这个有前途的研究领域开展新的研究工作。这篇综述将描述如何利用特定策略来实现有效的电催化系统，包括含氮催化剂的能量转换、结构协调和材料优化。最后，讨论了在未来调查中要考虑的主要挑战，以便在这个有前途的研究领域开展新的研究工作。本综述将描述如何利用特定策略来实现有效的电催化系统，包括掺氮催化剂的能量转换、结构协调和材料优化。最后，讨论了在未来调查中要考虑的主要挑战，以便在这个有前途的研究领域开展新的研究工作。