Nuclear movement is a fundamental process of eukaryotic cell biology. Skeletal muscle presents an intriguing model to study nuclear movement because its development requires the precise positioning of multiple nuclei within a single cytoplasm. Furthermore, there is a high correlation between aberrant nuclear positioning and poor muscle function. Although many genes that regulate nuclear movement have been identified, the mechanisms by which these genes act is not known. Using Drosophila melanogaster muscle development as a model system, and a combination of live-embryo microscopy and laser ablation of nuclei, we have found that clustered nuclei encompass at least two phenotypes that are caused by distinct mechanisms. Specifically, Ensconsin is necessary for productive force production to drive any movement of nuclei whereas Bocksbeutel and Klarsicht are necessary to form distinct populations of nuclei that move to different cellular locations. Mechanisitcally, Ensconsin regulates the number of growing microtubules that are used to move nuclei whereas Bocksbeutel and Klarsicht regulate interactions between nuclei.

核运动是真核细胞生物学的一个基本过程。骨骼肌提出了一个有趣的模型来研究核运动，因为它的发展需要在单个细胞质内精确定位多个核。此外，异常的核定位与肌肉功能差之间存在高度相关性。尽管已经确定了许多调节核运动的基因，但这些基因的作用机制尚不清楚。使用黑腹果蝇作为模型系统的肌肉发育，以及活胚胎显微镜和激光烧蚀细胞核的组合，我们发现聚集的细胞核包含至少两种由不同机制引起的表型。具体来说，Ensconsin 是生产力生产所必需的，以驱动细胞核的任何运动，而 Bocksbeutel 和 Klarsicht 是形成移动到不同细胞位置的不同细胞核群所必需的。在机械上，Ensconsin 调节用于移动细胞核的生长微管的数量，而 Bocksbeutel 和 Klarsicht 调节细胞核之间的相互作用。