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Experimental and Computational Analysis of Mixing Inside Droplets for Microfluidic Fabrication of Gold Nanoparticles
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-16 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c01960 Brahim Benyahia 1 , Monalie V. Bandulasena 1 , H. C. Hemaka Bandulasena 1 , Goran T. Vladisavljević 1
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-16 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c01960 Brahim Benyahia 1 , Monalie V. Bandulasena 1 , H. C. Hemaka Bandulasena 1 , Goran T. Vladisavljević 1
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Emulsions formed by mixing reactant streams inside microdroplets are efficient microscale reactors for the synthesis of nano/microparticles/crystals due to small quantities of reagents confined within each droplet and the separation of droplet contents from the reactor walls. In this work, the synthesis of size-tunable gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) within emulsion droplets generated in a three-phase glass capillary microfluidic device was investigated experimentally and numerically using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). AuNPs were produced by micromixing two aqueous streams, 1.15 mM HAuCl4 containing the 1% poly(vinylpyrrolidone) capping agent and 20 mM ascorbic acid solutions, inside monodispersed droplets created by three-dimensional (3D) counter-current flow focusing in a medium-chain triglyceride. The mean particle size of AuNPs was tunable in the range between 26 and 56 nm and depended on the degree of premixing of the reactant streams shortly before droplet generation, and the mixing efficiency within droplets, which was controlled by hydrodynamic conditions within the microfluidic device. The CFD results were compared and validated against experimental observations and revealed the presence of a recirculation zone near the outer wall of the injection capillary tip. The mixing efficiency was higher at smaller droplet size causing a reduction in the particle size of the AuNPs.
中文翻译：
混合内部液滴用于微流体制备金纳米颗粒的实验和计算分析
通过在微滴内混合反应物流形成的乳液是用于合成纳米/微粒/晶体的有效微型反应器，因为每个微滴内限制有少量试剂，并且微滴内容物与反应器壁分离。在这项工作中，使用计算流体动力学 (CFD) 对在三相玻璃毛细管微流体装置中产生的乳液液滴内合成尺寸可调的金纳米粒子 (AuNP) 进行了实验和数值研究。AuNPs 是通过微混合两种水流，1.15 mM HAuCl 4 产生的含有 1% 聚（乙烯基吡咯烷酮）封端剂和 20 mM 抗坏血酸溶液，在由聚焦在中链甘油三酯中的三维（3D）逆流流动产生的单分散液滴内。AuNPs 的平均粒径在 26 到 56 nm 范围内可调，取决于液滴生成前不久反应物流的预混合程度，以及液滴内的混合效率，这由微流体装置内的流体动力学条件控制。将 CFD 结果与实验观察进行比较和验证，并揭示了注射毛细管尖端外壁附近存在再循环区。在较小的液滴尺寸下混合效率更高，导致 AuNP 的粒径减小。
更新日期：2021-09-29
中文翻译：
混合内部液滴用于微流体制备金纳米颗粒的实验和计算分析
通过在微滴内混合反应物流形成的乳液是用于合成纳米/微粒/晶体的有效微型反应器，因为每个微滴内限制有少量试剂，并且微滴内容物与反应器壁分离。在这项工作中，使用计算流体动力学 (CFD) 对在三相玻璃毛细管微流体装置中产生的乳液液滴内合成尺寸可调的金纳米粒子 (AuNP) 进行了实验和数值研究。AuNPs 是通过微混合两种水流，1.15 mM HAuCl 4 产生的含有 1% 聚（乙烯基吡咯烷酮）封端剂和 20 mM 抗坏血酸溶液，在由聚焦在中链甘油三酯中的三维（3D）逆流流动产生的单分散液滴内。AuNPs 的平均粒径在 26 到 56 nm 范围内可调，取决于液滴生成前不久反应物流的预混合程度，以及液滴内的混合效率，这由微流体装置内的流体动力学条件控制。将 CFD 结果与实验观察进行比较和验证，并揭示了注射毛细管尖端外壁附近存在再循环区。在较小的液滴尺寸下混合效率更高，导致 AuNP 的粒径减小。
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