Nanoparticles play a vital role in bone tissue repair engineering, especially iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), which have magnetic properties, semiconductor properties, and nontoxicity at the same time, and their applications in biomedicine have received widespread attention. This review summarizes the excellent performance of IONPs in enhancing scaffold functions, promoting stem cell differentiation, and labeling positioning, in order to understand the research progress and future development trends of IONPs in bone tissue repair engineering, as well as the security issues. Firstly, IONPs can affect the expression of genes and proteins to accelerate the process of biomineralization under a magnetic field. Then, the composite of IONPs and polymers can synthesize a scaffold which can promote the attachment, proliferation, and bone differentiation of stem cells. Furthermore, IONPs can also mark the location of drugs in the body to follow up the process of bone repair. Therefore, extensive research on the manufacturing and application range of IONPs is of great significance to bone tissue repair engineering.

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氧化铁纳米粒子的合成及在骨组织修复中的应用

纳米粒子在骨组织修复工程中发挥着至关重要的作用，尤其是氧化铁纳米粒子（IONPs）同时具有磁性、半导体特性和无毒性，在生物医学中的应用受到了广泛关注。本文综述了IONPs在增强支架功能、促进干细胞分化、标记定位等方面的优异性能，以了解IONPs在骨组织修复工程中的研究进展和未来发展趋势，以及安全问题。首先，IONPs可以影响基因和蛋白质的表达，加速磁场下的生物矿化过程。然后，IONPs 和聚合物的复合物可以合成一个可以促进附着、增殖、和干细胞的骨分化。此外，IONPs还可以标记药物在体内的位置，以跟进骨骼修复过程。因此，广泛研究IONPs的制造和应用范围对骨组织修复工程具有重要意义。