Water is the most essential thing to life on earth but in water scarce regions of the world do not have easy access to clean water for their daily needs. One of the major causes of clean water accessibility to all is the contamination of various pollutants in water bodies. The common water pollutants are inorganic heavy metal ions, organic impurities, and microorganisms. To overcome this problem, a large number of water remediation techniques have been in use since ancient times. In the last four decades, there are breakthrough developments in the methods for water purification and the most important one is the use of nanoscale materials. The application of engineered nanoparticles and nanomembranes are the most recent ones. This review article has incorporated the recent advances in water purification methods using engineered nanoparticles and nanomembranes. The risk associated with use of nanoscale materials and the future aspects have also been highlighted in the article.

水是地球上生命最重要的东西，但在世界上缺水的地区，无法轻松获得满足日常需求的清洁水。水体中各种污染物的污染是所有人都能获得清洁水的主要原因之一。常见的水污染物有无机重金属离子、有机杂质和微生物。为了克服这个问题，自古以来就采用了大量的水体修复技术。在过去的四年里，水净化的方法有了突破性的发展，其中最重要的是纳米材料的使用。工程纳米粒子和纳米膜的应用是最新的。这篇评论文章结合了使用工程纳米粒子和纳米膜的水净化方法的最新进展。文章还强调了与使用纳米材料相关的风险和未来方面。