Early studies have shown that biofuels in powder form burn like a gas. In addition, they are less pollutants and renewable source. In this study, powder biofuel is investigated as a direct solid fuel in internal combustion engine. The biofuel is applied in a cylindrical shape and micron-size, with length between 75–5800 μm and diameter 30–1380 μm. Several mathematical models were investigated including different stages of biomass powder combustion in the engine. The mathematical models include drying, shrinkage, and volatilization processes. The modelling tools also investigated the movement of the fuel powder in the cylinder upon injection, how it is distributed, and its performance before combustion. The proposed models are simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools and validated against experiments. The results showed that all models can represent the biomass powder combustion reasonably. However, some models are least expensive in calculations and time. Results also displayed that the powder are traced in different groups based on sizes and flow responses and that takes about 0.2 s. The biomass powder gasification is completed at temperature 1050 K and extra temperature has no meaning.

早期研究表明，粉末形式的生物燃料像气体一样燃烧。此外，它们是更少的污染物和可再生资源。在这项研究中，粉末生物燃料作为内燃机中的直接固体燃料进行了研究。生物燃料以圆柱形和微米级应用，长度在 75-5800 μm 之间，直径在 30-1380 μm 之间。研究了几种数学模型，包括发动机中生物质粉末燃烧的不同阶段。数学模型包括干燥、收缩和挥发过程。建模工具还研究了喷射时气缸内燃料粉末的运动、分布方式以及燃烧前的性能。所提出的模型使用计算流体动力学 (CFD) 工具进行模拟，并根据实验进行验证。结果表明，所有模型都能合理地表示生物质粉体燃烧。但是，某些模型在计算和时间方面成本最低。结果还显示，粉末根据尺寸和流动响应被分为不同的组，这需要大约 0.2 秒。生物质粉末气化在1050 K温度下完成，额外的温度没有意义。