Ichthyoplankton assemblages and their relationship with environmental variables are investigated in waters off the Pearl River Estuary in spring and autumn of 2019. Of 80 ichthyoplankton taxa identified using DNA barcode and morphological methods, 61 are identified to species. The most abundance families (Carangidae, Trichiuridae, Mullidae, and Scombridae) account for 61.34% of the horizontal total catch in spring, while Menidae and Carangidae are the most abundant families identified in autumn, accounting for 89.72% of the horizontal total catch. Cluster analysis identifies three species assemblages in spring, and four in autumn based on horizontal trawls. Relationships between assemblage structure and environmental variables (in situ and remote sensed) are determined by canonical correspondence analysis. Ichthyoplankton assemblage structure appears to be strongly influenced by sea level anomalies, salinity, water depth, temperature at 10 m depth, and distance from shore. We demonstrate the efficacy of using DNA barcode to identify ichthyoplankton, and suggest how these data can be used to protect fish spawning grounds in waters off the Pearl River Estuary.

2019 年春秋两季，在珠江口外水域调查了浮游鱼类群落及其与环境变量的关系。在使用 DNA 条形码和形态学方法鉴定的 80 种浮游鱼类中，有 61 种被鉴定为物种。丰度最多的科（Carangidae、Trichiuridae、Mullidae 和Scombridae）占春季水平总产量的61.34%，而Menidae 和Carangidae 是秋季发现的最丰富的科，占横向总产量的89.72%。基于水平拖网，聚类分析在春季确定了三个物种组合，在秋季确定了四个物种组合。组合结构与环境变量的关系（就地和遥感）由规范对应分析确定。鱼类浮游生物组合结构似乎受到海平面异常、盐度、水深、10 m 深度温度和离岸距离的强烈影响。我们展示了使用 DNA 条形码识别浮游鱼的功效，并建议如何使用这些数据来保护珠江口附近水域的鱼类产卵场。