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Association between Hypothyroidism Onset and Alzheimer Disease Onset in Adults with Down Syndrome
Brain Sciences ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-16 , DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091223
Florence Lai 1, 2, 3 , Nathaniel D Mercaldo 1, 2 , Cassandra M Wang 4 , Micaela S Hersch 5 , Giovi G Hersch 6 , Herminia Diana Rosas 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Adults with Down syndrome (DS) have an exceptionally high frequency of Alzheimer disease (AD) with a wide variability in onset, from 40 to 70 years of age. Equally prevalent in DS is hypothyroidism. In this study, we sought to quantify the relationship between the two. A total of 232 adults with DS and AD were stratified into three AD onset age groups: early (<47 years), typical (48–59), and late (>59). Among patients with available data, differences in the distributions of demographics, hypothyroidism variables (presence, age of onset), thyroid function tests, thyroid autoantibodies, and APOE genotypes were assessed (e.g., chi-squared, Mann–Whitney tests). Spearman and partial Spearman correlations and ordinal logistic regression models were constructed to quantify the association between ages of AD and hypothyroidism onset with and without covariate adjustments. We observed a positive association between the ages of AD and hypothyroidism onset after accounting for APOE-Ɛ4 (correlation: 0.44, 0.24, 0.60; odds ratio: 1.09, 1.05–1.14). However, an early age of hypothyroidism onset and the presence of the APOE-Ɛ4 allele were independently associated with the early age of AD onset. Similar findings were observed when accounting for other factors. Our study provides evidence for the importance of hypothyroidism and associated pathological mechanisms for risk of AD in DS.

中文翻译:

唐氏综合征成人甲状腺功能减退症发作与阿尔茨海默病发作之间的关系

患有唐氏综合症 (DS) 的成年人患阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的频率异常高,从 40 岁到 70 岁,发病率差异很大。DS 中同样普遍存在的是甲状腺功能减退症。在这项研究中,我们试图量化两者之间的关系。共有 232 名患有 DS 和 AD 的成年人被分为三个 AD 发病年龄组:早期(<47 岁)、典型(48-59 岁)和晚期(>59 岁)。在有可用数据的患者中,评估了人口统计学、甲状腺功能减退变量(存在、发病年龄)、甲状腺功能测试、甲状腺自身抗体和 APOE 基因型(例如,卡方检验、Mann-Whitney 检验)的分布差异。构建了 Spearman 和部分 Spearman 相关性以及有序逻辑回归模型,以量化 AD 年龄与甲状腺功能减退症发病年龄之间的关联,有无协变量调整。在考虑 APOE-Ɛ4 后,我们观察到 AD 年龄与甲状腺功能减退症发病之间呈正相关(相关性:0.44、0.24、0.60;优势比:1.09、1.05-1.14)。然而,甲状腺功能减退症的早期发病年龄和 APOE-Ɛ4 等位基因的存在与 AD 发病的早期年龄独立相关。在考虑其他因素时也观察到类似的发现。我们的研究为甲状腺功能减退症和 DS 中 AD 风险的相关病理机制的重要性提供了证据。在考虑 APOE-Ɛ4 后,我们观察到 AD 年龄与甲状腺功能减退症发病之间呈正相关(相关性:0.44、0.24、0.60;优势比:1.09、1.05-1.14)。然而,甲状腺功能减退症的早期发病年龄和 APOE-Ɛ4 等位基因的存在与 AD 发病的早期年龄独立相关。在考虑其他因素时也观察到类似的发现。我们的研究为甲状腺功能减退症和 DS 中 AD 风险的相关病理机制的重要性提供了证据。在考虑 APOE-Ɛ4 后,我们观察到 AD 年龄与甲状腺功能减退症发病之间呈正相关(相关性:0.44、0.24、0.60;优势比:1.09、1.05-1.14)。然而,甲状腺功能减退症的早期发病年龄和 APOE-Ɛ4 等位基因的存在与 AD 发病的早期年龄独立相关。在考虑其他因素时也观察到类似的发现。我们的研究为甲状腺功能减退症和 DS 中 AD 风险的相关病理机制的重要性提供了证据。
更新日期:2021-09-16
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