Until recently, astrocytes were thought to be a part of a simple “brain glue” providing only a supporting role for neurons. However, the discoveries of the last two decades have proven astrocytes to be dynamic partners participating in brain metabolism and actively influencing communication between neurons. The means of astrocyte-neuron communication are diverse, although regulated exocytosis has received the most attention but also caused the most debate. Similar to most of eukaryotic cells, astrocytes have a complex range of vesicular organelles which can undergo exocytosis as well as intricate molecular mechanisms that regulate this process. In this review, we focus on the components needed for regulated exocytosis to occur and summarise the knowledge about experimental evidence showing its presence in astrocytes.

中文翻译：

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 星形胶质细胞的胞吐作用


直到最近，星形胶质细胞还被认为是简单“脑胶”的一部分，仅为神经元提供支持作用。然而，过去二十年的发现证明星形胶质细胞是参与大脑新陈代谢并积极影响神经元之间交流的动态伙伴。星形胶质细胞与神经元之间的通讯方式多种多样，尽管调节性胞吐作用最受关注，但也引起了最多的争论。与大多数真核细胞类似，星形胶质细胞具有一系列复杂的囊泡细胞器，可以进行胞吐作用以及调节该过程的复杂分子机制。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注发生受调节的胞吐作用所需的成分，并总结了有关表明其在星形胶质细胞中存在的实验证据的知识。