The evolution of the capillary breakup of a liquid jet under large excitation amplitudes in a parameter regime relevant to inkjet printing is analysed using three-dimensional numerical simulations. The results exhibit a reversal of the breakup length of the jet occurring when the velocity scales associated with the excitation of the jet and surface tension are comparable, and an inversion of the breakup from front-pinching to back-pinching at sufficiently large excitation amplitudes. Both phenomena are shown to be associated with the formation of vortex rings and a local flow obstruction inside the jet, which modify the evolution of the jet by locally reducing or even reversing the growth of the capillary instability. Hence, this study provides a mechanism for the well-known breakup reversal and breakup inversion, which are both prominent phenomena in inkjet printing. An empirical similarity model for the reversal breakup length is proposed, which is shown to be valid throughout the considered range of characteristic parameters. Hence, even though the fluid dynamics observed in capillary jet breakup with large excitation amplitudes are complex, the presented findings allow an accurate prediction of the behaviour of jets in many practically relevant situations, especially continuous inkjet printing.

使用三维数值模拟分析了在与喷墨打印相关的参数范围内在大激发振幅下液体射流的毛细管破裂的演变。结果表明，当与射流激发相关的速度尺度和表面张力相当时，射流的破裂长度发生逆转，并且在足够大的激发振幅下，破裂从前收缩到后收缩的反转。这两种现象都表明与涡环的形成和射流内​​部的局部流动障碍有关，这通过局部减少甚至逆转毛细管不稳定性的增长来改变射流的演变。因此，这项研究为众所周知的破裂反转和破裂反转提供了一种机制，这两者都是喷墨打印中的突出现象。提出了反转断裂长度的经验相似性模型，该模型在所考虑的特征参数范围内均有效。因此，即使在具有大激发振幅的毛细管射流破裂中观察到的流体动力学是复杂的，所呈现的发现允许在许多实际相关情况下准确预测射流的行为，尤其是连续喷墨打印。