Smart theranostics are dynamic platforms that integrate multiple functions, including at least imaging, therapy, and responsiveness, in a single agent. This review showcases a variety of responsive theranostic agents developed specifically for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), due to the privileged position this non-invasive, non-ionising imaging modality continues to hold within the clinical imaging field. Different MRI smart theranostic designs have been devised in the search for more efficient cancer therapy, and improved diagnostic efficiency, through the increase of the local concentration of therapeutic effectors and MRI signal intensity in pathological tissues. This review explores novel small-molecule and nanosized MRI theranostic agents for cancer that exhibit responsiveness to endogenous (change in pH, redox environment, or enzymes) or exogenous (temperature, ultrasound, or light) stimuli. The challenges and obstacles in the design and in vivo application of responsive theranostics are also discussed to guide future research in this interdisciplinary field towards more controllable, efficient, and diagnostically relevant smart theranostics agents.

中文翻译：

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基于智能磁共振成像的癌症治疗诊断学。


智能治疗诊断是动态平台，在单个代理中集成了多种功能，至少包括成像、治疗和反应。本综述展示了专为磁共振成像 (MRI) 开发的各种响应性治疗诊断剂，因为这种非侵入性、非电离成像方式在临床成像领域继续保持着特权地位。人们设计了不同的 MRI 智能治疗诊断设计，以寻求更有效的癌症治疗，并通过增加病理组织中治疗效应物的局部浓度和 MRI 信号强度来提高诊断效率。本综述探讨了新型小分子和纳米级 MRI 癌症治疗诊断剂，这些药物对内源性（pH、氧化还原环境或酶的变化）或外源性（温度、超声或光）刺激具有反应性。还讨论了响应性治疗诊断学的设计和体内应用中的挑战和障碍，以指导这一跨学科领域的未来研究走向更可控、更高效和诊断相关的智能治疗诊断学代理。