Several neurotransmitters and neuropeptides were reported to join in or cooperate with different cells of the immune system, bone marrow, and peripheral cells. Numerous data support that neuroactive molecules might control immune system activity and hemopoiesis operating on lymphoid organs and the primary hematopoietic unit, the hematopoietic niche. Furthermore, many compounds seem to be able to take part in the leukemogenesis and lymphomagenesis process and in the onset of multiple myeloma. In this review, we will assess the possibility that neurotransmitters and neuropeptides may have a role in the onset of haematological neoplasms, may affect the response to treatment, or may represent a useful starting point for a new therapeutic approach. More in vivo investigations are needed to evaluate neuropeptide's role in haematological malignancies and their possible utilization as an antitumor therapeutic target. Comprehending the effect of the pharmacological administration of neuropeptide modulators on hematologic malignancies opens up new possibilities in curing clonal hematologic diseases to achieve more satisfactory outcomes.

中文翻译：

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对免疫系统和造血的神经肽调节的新见解：对血液系统恶性肿瘤的影响。

据报道，几种神经递质和神经肽与免疫系统的不同细胞、骨髓和外周细胞结合或协作。大量数据支持神经活性分子可能控制免疫系统活动和在淋巴器官和主要造血单位造血生态位上运行的造血。此外，许多化合物似乎能够参与白血病和淋巴瘤的形成过程以及多发性骨髓瘤的发病。在这篇综述中，我们将评估神经递质和神经肽可能在血液肿瘤的发病中发挥作用、可能影响对治疗的反应或可能代表新治疗方法的有用起点的可能性。需要更多的体内研究来评估神经肽' s 在血液恶性肿瘤中的作用及其作为抗肿瘤治疗靶点的可能用途。了解神经肽调节剂对血液系统恶性肿瘤的药理作用为治疗克隆性血液系统疾病开辟了新的可能性，以获得更令人满意的结果。