ABSTRACT

The success of clinical transplantation of pancreas or isolated pancreatic islets supports the concept of cell-based cure for diabetes. One limitation is the shortage of cadaver human pancreata. The demand–supply gap could potentially be bridged by harnessing the self-renewal capacity of stem cells. Pluripotent stem cells and adult pancreatic stem cells have been explored as possible cell sources. Recently, a system for long-term culture of proposed adult pancreatic stem cells in a form of organoids was developed. Generated organoids partially mimic the architecture and cell-type composition of pancreatic tissue. Here, we review the attempts over the past decade, to utilize the organoid cell culture principles in order to identify, expand, and differentiate the adult pancreatic stem cells from different compartments of mouse and human pancreata. The development of the culture conditions, effects of specific growth factors and small molecules is discussed. The potential utility of the adult pancreatic stem cells is considered in the context of other cell sources.

摘要

胰腺或孤立胰岛临床移植的成功支持了基于细胞治疗糖尿病的概念。一个限制是尸体人类胰腺的短缺。通过利用干细胞的自我更新能力，可能会弥合供需缺口。多能干细胞和成体胰腺干细胞已被探索为可能的细胞来源。最近，开发了一种以类器官形式长期培养拟定成人胰腺干细胞的系统。生成的类器官部分模仿胰腺组织的结构和细胞类型组成。在这里，我们回顾了过去十年的尝试，利用类器官细胞培养原理从小鼠和人类胰腺的不同隔室中识别、扩展和区分成体胰腺干细胞。讨论了培养条件的发展、特定生长因子和小分子的影响。成人胰腺干细胞的潜在效用是在其他细胞来源的背景下考虑的。