Abstract

The subsurface runoff in the permafrost zone shows considerable structural and seasonal specifics. The structural features are due, on the one hand, to the lithologically determined permeable zones of rock massifs and, on the other hand, the permeability governed by lithology. This permeability is a seasonal factor of water flow from the territory, and now it is the focus of studies in various aspects. The structural character is determined by the history of its geological and geocryological development: the runoff structures are most often inherited by the position of rocks of coarser lithological composition or features associated with former geocryological processes (fracturing, formation of cryogenic textures, local thermokarst, etc.). The spatial heterogeneity of the above-permafrost runoff was studied in the European North and in the mountains of the Northern Transbaikalia.

中文翻译：

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多年冻土带地下流的标志和结构作用

摘要

永久冻土区的地下径流显示出相当大的结构和季节性特征。结构特征一方面是由于岩体的岩性决定的渗透带，另一方面是由岩性控制的渗透性。这种渗透性是来自领土的水流的季节性因素，现在是各个方面的研究重点。构造特征由其地质和冰冻发育的历史决定：径流结构最常由岩性成分较粗的岩石的位置或与以前的冰冻过程（压裂、低温结构的形成、局部热岩溶等）相关的特征继承.)